hermes-agent/agent/relay_runtime.py

"""Profile-scoped NeMo Relay runtimes owned by the Hermes agent core."""

from __future__ import annotations

import atexit
import asyncio
import contextvars
import importlib
import inspect
import logging
import os
import threading
import tomllib
import uuid
from concurrent.futures import TimeoutError as FuturesTimeoutError
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from enum import Enum, auto
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any, Callable

from hermes_constants import get_hermes_home
from hermes_cli.relay_plugin_cutover import (
    RELAY_PLUGINS_CONFIG_ENV, configured_legacy_relay_env_vars
)

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

SESSION_SCOPE = "hermes.session"
TURN_SCOPE = "hermes.turn"
LOGICAL_LLM_SCOPE = "hermes.logical_llm_call"
RUNTIME_SCHEMA_KEY = "hermes.relay.schema_version"
RUNTIME_SCHEMA_VERSION = "hermes.relay.runtime.v1"
RUNTIME_INSTANCE_KEY = "hermes.relay.runtime_instance"
RELAY_PLUGINS_EXECUTION_CONSUMER = "hermes.nemo_relay.plugins"
_PROFILE_KEY_CACHE: dict[str, str] = {}

# Bound for native scope ops gating turn/session completion: a wedged pipeline costs one
# lost span, never a blocked agent.
_SCOPE_OP_TIMEOUT = 10.0

_SCOPE_OP_EXECUTOR: Any = None
_SCOPE_OP_EXECUTOR_LOCK = threading.Lock()


def runtime_metadata(runtime_id: str, **extra: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
    """Return the scope metadata that stamps every Hermes-owned Relay scope."""
    return {RUNTIME_SCHEMA_KEY: RUNTIME_SCHEMA_VERSION, RUNTIME_INSTANCE_KEY: runtime_id, **extra}


def _scope_op_executor():
    """Shared daemon executor for bounded native scope ops.

    Daemon workers so a wedged call abandoned at timeout cannot block interpreter exit;
    ``Future.result(timeout=...)`` still bounds callers when every worker is wedged.
    """
    global _SCOPE_OP_EXECUTOR
    if _SCOPE_OP_EXECUTOR is None:
        with _SCOPE_OP_EXECUTOR_LOCK:
            if _SCOPE_OP_EXECUTOR is None:
                from tools.daemon_pool import DaemonThreadPoolExecutor

                _SCOPE_OP_EXECUTOR = DaemonThreadPoolExecutor(
                    max_workers=8, thread_name_prefix="relay-scope-op"
                )
    return _SCOPE_OP_EXECUTOR


def _run_on_daemon_thread(
    fn: Callable[[], Any], *, name: str, timeout: float | None = None, timeout_message: str = ""
) -> Any:
    """Run ``fn`` on a fresh daemon thread; re-raise its error or return its result.

    With ``timeout`` a still-running worker is abandoned with ``TimeoutError`` (daemon:
    cannot block interpreter exit).
    """
    result: list[Any] = []
    error: list[BaseException] = []

    def _target() -> None:
        try:
            result.append(fn())
        except BaseException as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 - propagated below
            error.append(exc)

    worker = threading.Thread(target=_target, daemon=True, name=name)
    worker.start()
    worker.join(timeout)
    if worker.is_alive():
        raise TimeoutError(timeout_message)
    if error:
        raise error[0]
    return result[0] if result else None


def pop_relay_scope(
    relay: Any, handle: Any, *, output: Any = None, metadata: Any = None, timestamp: Any = None
) -> Any:
    """Pop a Relay scope, forwarding only the kwargs the live binding accepts.

    ``scope.pop`` gained ``metadata`` in nemo-relay 0.4+; older wheels raise TypeError.
    """
    pop = relay.scope.pop
    kwargs = {
        key: value
        for key, value in (("output", output), ("metadata", metadata), ("timestamp", timestamp))
        if value is not None
    }
    try:
        params = inspect.signature(pop).parameters
    except (TypeError, ValueError):
        params = {}
    if params and not any(param.kind == inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD for param in params.values()):
        kwargs = {key: value for key, value in kwargs.items() if key in params}
    return pop(handle, **kwargs)


def _current_top(relay: Any) -> Any:
    """Return the current top-of-stack scope handle, or None."""
    # Prefer scope.get_handle(): get_scope_stack() may return a native ScopeStack
    # object that scope.pop rejects, so never treat it as a handle.
    get_handle = getattr(getattr(relay, "scope", None), "get_handle", None)
    if callable(get_handle):
        try:
            return get_handle()
        except Exception:
            pass
    top = relay.get_scope_stack()
    # Some builds return the live stack (list), others the top handle: only unwrap real lists.
    return (top[-1] if top else None) if isinstance(top, list) else top


def _same_handle(a: Any, b: Any) -> bool:
    # Native ScopeHandle has no value __eq__; compare by uuid when both expose one.
    if a is None or b is None:
        return a is b
    a_uuid = getattr(a, "uuid", None)
    return a is b or a == b or (a_uuid is not None and a_uuid == getattr(b, "uuid", None))


class _RelayPluginConfigurationState(Enum):
    """Process-wide result shared by every currently hosted profile."""

    UNINITIALIZED = auto()
    DISABLED = auto()
    ACTIVE = auto()
    FOREIGN = auto()
    FAILED = auto()


class _RelayPluginConfigurationLoadError(RuntimeError):
    """An explicitly selected Relay plugin configuration could not be loaded."""


@dataclass
class RelaySession:
    """One isolated Relay scope stack owned by a Hermes session."""

    session_id: str
    parent_session_id: str = ""
    lock: threading.RLock = field(default_factory=threading.RLock, repr=False)
    closing: bool = False
    handle: Any = None
    context: contextvars.Context | None = None
    # Session-span segmentation: rotation closes the current session scope and pushes
    # segment N+1 at a turn boundary (the only LIFO-safe point).
    segment: int = 0  # index of the CURRENT session scope (0 = first)
    segment_turns: int = 0  # turns completed within the current segment
    rotate_pending: bool = False  # set by compaction; consumed at next begin_turn
    # Rotating compaction landed while a turn was live here; closing now would pop the
    # session scope under the live turn, so end_turn consumes this instead.
    close_pending: bool = False


# gateway.telemetry.session_segments, cached at first read. Both defaults OFF =>
# rotation never fires and the scope lifecycle is unchanged.
_SEGMENTS_CONFIG: dict[str, Any] | None = None
_SEGMENTS_CONFIG_LOCK = threading.Lock()


def _load_segments_config() -> dict[str, Any]:
    segments: dict[str, Any] = {}
    try:
        from gateway.run import _load_gateway_config  # late import

        telemetry = (_load_gateway_config().get("gateway") or {}).get("telemetry") or {}
        segments = telemetry.get("session_segments") or {}
    except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001 - config absence must not crash
        pass
    try:
        max_turns = max(0, int(segments.get("max_turns", 0) or 0))
    except (TypeError, ValueError):
        max_turns = 0
    return {"on_compaction": bool(segments.get("on_compaction", False)), "max_turns": max_turns}


def _segments_config() -> dict[str, Any]:
    """Resolve session-segmentation settings; inert defaults when unset."""
    global _SEGMENTS_CONFIG
    if _SEGMENTS_CONFIG is None:
        with _SEGMENTS_CONFIG_LOCK:
            if _SEGMENTS_CONFIG is None:
                _SEGMENTS_CONFIG = _load_segments_config()
    return _SEGMENTS_CONFIG


def _reset_segments_config_for_tests() -> None:
    global _SEGMENTS_CONFIG
    _SEGMENTS_CONFIG = None


class RelayOperationLease:
    """Keep process-wide Relay plugins alive across a deferred operation."""

    def __init__(self, runtime: "RelayRuntime") -> None:
        self._lock = threading.Lock()
        self._runtime: RelayRuntime | None = runtime

    def run_in_session(
        self, session: RelaySession, callback: Callable[..., Any], *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
    ) -> Any:
        """Run cleanup while this lease still owns the runtime lifetime."""
        with self._lock:
            runtime = self._runtime
            if runtime is None:
                raise RuntimeError("Hermes Relay operation lease is released")
            return runtime._run_in_session_untracked(session, callback, *args, **kwargs)

    def release(self) -> None:
        """Release this lease exactly once."""
        with self._lock:
            runtime = self._runtime
            self._runtime = None
        if runtime is not None:
            runtime._end_operation()


class _ProcessRelayPluginConfiguration:
    """Own one Relay plugin configuration across profile-scoped hosts."""

    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self._lock = threading.RLock()
        self._owners: set[int] = set()
        self._state = _RelayPluginConfigurationState.UNINITIALIZED
        self._active = False
        self._relay: Any = None
        self._activation: Any = None

    def acquire(self, owner: Any, relay: Any) -> _RelayPluginConfigurationState:
        """Join the process configuration, initializing it for the first host."""
        owner_id = id(owner)
        with self._lock:
            if owner_id in self._owners:
                return self._state
            if self._owners:
                self._owners.add(owner_id)
                return self._state
            state = self._preflight(relay)
            if state is None:
                state = self._activate(relay)
            state = self._remember(owner_id, state)
            if state is _RelayPluginConfigurationState.ACTIVE:
                logger.info(
                    "Relay plugins are active process-wide and apply to all profiles "
                    "hosted by this Hermes process."
                )
            return state

    def _activate(self, relay: Any) -> _RelayPluginConfigurationState:
        try:
            if not self._initialize(relay):
                return _RelayPluginConfigurationState.DISABLED
        except Exception as exc:
            self._activation = None
            logger.warning("Hermes Relay plugin initialization failed: %s", exc, exc_info=True)
            return _RelayPluginConfigurationState.FAILED
        self._active = True
        self._relay = relay
        return _RelayPluginConfigurationState.ACTIVE

    def _preflight(self, relay: Any) -> _RelayPluginConfigurationState | None:
        """Return a terminal state when the process cannot take ownership; None to proceed."""
        if self._active and not self._clear_active():
            logger.warning(
                "Hermes Relay plugin cleanup is still pending; refusing to "
                "replace the process-global configuration"
            )
            return _RelayPluginConfigurationState.FAILED
        try:
            existing_report = relay.plugin.report()
        except Exception:
            logger.warning(
                "Hermes could not determine whether a process-global Relay "
                "plugin configuration is already active; refusing to replace it",
                exc_info=True,
            )
            return _RelayPluginConfigurationState.FAILED
        if existing_report is not None:
            logger.warning(
                "A process-global Relay plugin configuration is already active "
                "outside Hermes native ownership; leaving it unchanged and "
                "disabling Hermes-managed Relay middleware for this process"
            )
            return _RelayPluginConfigurationState.FOREIGN
        return None

    def _initialize(self, relay: Any) -> bool:
        """Initialize Relay from the selected plugins.toml; False when none is selected."""
        configured_inputs = _configured_plugin_inputs(relay)
        if configured_inputs is None:
            return False
        plugin_config, dynamic_plugins = configured_inputs
        if dynamic_plugins:
            try:
                activation = _resolve_plugin_awaitable(
                    relay.plugin.initialize_with_dynamic_plugins(plugin_config, dynamic_plugins)
                )
                if activation is None:
                    raise RuntimeError(
                        "NeMo Relay dynamic plugin initialization returned no activation handle"
                    )
                self._activation = activation
            except Exception as exc:
                raise RuntimeError("Hermes Relay dynamic plugin activation failed") from exc
        if self._activation is None:
            # Reached only after explicit opt-in; Relay owns any ambient layering.
            _resolve_plugin_awaitable(relay.plugin.initialize(plugin_config))
        return True

    def _remember(
        self, owner_id: int, state: _RelayPluginConfigurationState
    ) -> _RelayPluginConfigurationState:
        """Retain one process decision for all concurrently hosted profiles."""
        self._owners.add(owner_id)
        self._state = state
        return state

    def _reset_if_cleared(self) -> None:
        if self._clear_active():
            self._state = _RelayPluginConfigurationState.UNINITIALIZED

    def release(self, owner: Any) -> None:
        """Release one host and clear Relay after the final host exits."""
        with self._lock:
            if id(owner) not in self._owners:
                return
            self._owners.remove(id(owner))
            self.retry_pending_cleanup()

    def reset_for_tests(self) -> None:
        """Clear process-global state left by directly constructed test hosts."""
        with self._lock:
            self._owners.clear()
            self._reset_if_cleared()

    def retry_pending_cleanup(self) -> None:
        """Retry a failed final cleanup without disrupting live owners."""
        with self._lock:
            if not self._owners:
                self._reset_if_cleared()

    def _clear_active(self) -> bool:
        relay = self._relay
        activation = self._activation
        if not self._active or relay is None:
            return True
        try:
            _resolve_plugin_awaitable(relay.subscribers.flush_async())
        except Exception:
            logger.warning("Hermes Relay plugin subscriber flush failed", exc_info=True)
            return False
        try:
            if activation is not None:
                close = getattr(activation, "close", None)
                if not callable(close):
                    raise RuntimeError("NeMo Relay dynamic plugin activation has no close method")
                _resolve_plugin_awaitable(close())
            else:
                _resolve_plugin_awaitable(relay.plugin.clear_async())
        except Exception:
            logger.warning("Hermes Relay plugin configuration cleanup failed", exc_info=True)
            return False
        self._active = False
        self._relay = None
        self._activation = None
        return True


_PLUGIN_CONFIGURATION = _ProcessRelayPluginConfiguration()
atexit.register(_PLUGIN_CONFIGURATION.retry_pending_cleanup)


class RelayRuntime:
    """Own Relay session scopes and optional process plugin configuration."""

    def __init__(self, relay: Any = None, *, profile_key: str | None = None) -> None:
        self.relay = relay or _load_nemo_relay()
        self.profile_key = profile_key or current_profile_key()
        self.runtime_id = uuid.uuid4().hex
        self._sessions_lock = threading.RLock()
        self._sessions: dict[str, RelaySession] = {}
        self._subagent_parents: dict[str, str] = {}
        self._subagent_parent_handles: dict[str, Any] = {}
        self._closing = False
        self._shutdown_started = False
        self._shutdown_complete = threading.Event()
        self._operations_idle = threading.Event()
        self._operations_idle.set()
        self._active_operations = 0
        self._execution_consumers_lock = threading.RLock()
        self._execution_consumers: set[str] = set()
        self._plugin_configuration_state = _PLUGIN_CONFIGURATION.acquire(self, self.relay)
        # Cleared (with the atexit hook) by the first successful _finish_shutdown.
        self._plugin_configuration_registered = True
        if self._plugins_active():
            self.retain_managed_execution(RELAY_PLUGINS_EXECUTION_CONSUMER)
        atexit.register(self.shutdown)

    def _plugins_active(self) -> bool:
        return self._plugin_configuration_state is _RelayPluginConfigurationState.ACTIVE

    def retain_managed_execution(self, consumer: str) -> None:
        """Keep managed LLM and tool execution active for one consumer."""
        if not consumer:
            raise ValueError("Relay managed-execution consumer must not be empty")
        with self._execution_consumers_lock:
            self._execution_consumers.add(consumer)

    def release_managed_execution(self, consumer: str) -> None:
        """Release a consumer's managed-execution requirement."""
        with self._execution_consumers_lock:
            self._execution_consumers.discard(consumer)

    def managed_execution_enabled(self) -> bool:
        """Return whether a Hermes-managed consumer needs the Relay pipeline."""
        with self._execution_consumers_lock:
            return bool(self._execution_consumers)

    def _push_session_scope(
        self, context: contextvars.Context, *, exit_fallback: bool = False, **push_kwargs: Any
    ) -> Any:
        """Push a SESSION_SCOPE Agent scope inside ``context``, bounded by ``_SCOPE_OP_TIMEOUT``.

        ``exit_fallback``: at interpreter shutdown the executor refuses new futures; push
        synchronously instead (no agent turn waits at exit).
        """
        args = (self.relay.scope.push, SESSION_SCOPE, self.relay.ScopeType.Agent)
        try:
            future = _scope_op_executor().submit(context.run, *args, input={}, **push_kwargs)
            return future.result(timeout=_SCOPE_OP_TIMEOUT)
        except RuntimeError:
            if not exit_fallback:
                raise
            return context.run(*args, input={}, **push_kwargs)

    def _open_session_scope(
        self, session: RelaySession, scope_metadata: dict[str, Any], *, resolve_parent: bool,
        **push_kwargs: Any,
    ) -> None:
        """Push a fresh session scope for ``session`` and record its handle + context.

        Subagents parent under their spawning turn/session handle; ``resolve_parent``
        creates the parent session when its handle is unknown.
        """
        parent_handle = None
        if session.parent_session_id:
            with self._sessions_lock:
                parent_handle = self._subagent_parent_handles.get(session.session_id)
            if parent_handle is None and resolve_parent:
                parent = self.ensure_session({"session_id": session.parent_session_id})
                if parent is not None:
                    parent_handle = parent.handle
            scope_metadata["nemo_relay_scope_role"] = "subagent"
        context = contextvars.Context()
        session.handle = self._push_session_scope(
            context, handle=parent_handle, metadata=scope_metadata, **push_kwargs
        )
        session.context = context

    def ensure_session(
        self, event: dict[str, Any], *, data: Any = None, metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = None
    ) -> RelaySession | None:
        """Return the existing session scope or create it once."""
        session_id = _session_id(event)
        if not session_id:
            return None
        with self._sessions_lock:
            if self._closing:
                return None
            session = self._sessions.get(session_id)
            if session is None:
                session = RelaySession(
                    session_id=session_id,
                    parent_session_id=self._subagent_parents.get(session_id, ""),
                )
                self._sessions[session_id] = session
        with session.lock:
            if session.closing:
                return None
            if session.handle is None:
                try:
                    self._open_session_scope(
                        session, {**(metadata or {}), **runtime_metadata(self.runtime_id)},
                        resolve_parent=True, data=data, exit_fallback=True,
                    )
                except Exception:
                    session.context = None
                    raise
        return session

    def rotate_session_scope(self, session: RelaySession, *, reason: str) -> None:
        """Close the current session scope and open the next segment.

        Called ONLY at a turn boundary: the stack is LIFO and rotating under a live child
        would close a parent out of order. Bookkeeping advances even when a native call
        fails so a degraded rotation cannot retry on every turn.
        """
        with session.lock:
            if session.closing or session.handle is None:
                return
            old_handle = session.handle
            # Bookkeeping FIRST: a failed native call must not leave rotate_pending set.
            session.segment += 1
            session.segment_turns = 0
            session.rotate_pending = False
            try:
                self.run_in_session(
                    session, self.relay.scope.pop, old_handle,
                    output={"hermes.session.segment_reason": reason},
                    metadata=runtime_metadata(self.runtime_id), timeout=_SCOPE_OP_TIMEOUT,
                )
            except Exception:
                logger.warning(
                    "Hermes Relay segment close failed (session=%s segment=%d); "
                    "abandoning the old segment span",
                    session.session_id,
                    session.segment - 1,
                    exc_info=True,
                )
            scope_metadata = runtime_metadata(
                self.runtime_id,
                **{
                    "hermes.session.segment": session.segment,
                    "hermes.session.segment_reason": reason,
                },
            )
            try:
                self._open_session_scope(session, scope_metadata, resolve_parent=False)
            except Exception:
                logger.warning(
                    "Hermes Relay segment open failed (session=%s segment=%d); "
                    "keeping the prior scope handle",
                    session.session_id,
                    session.segment,
                    exc_info=True,
                )

    def register_subagent(
        self, event: dict[str, Any], *, metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = None
    ) -> RelaySession | None:
        """Open a child Agent scope under its spawning turn when available."""
        parent_session_id = str(event.get("parent_session_id") or "")
        child_session_id = str(event.get("child_session_id") or "")
        if not parent_session_id or not child_session_id or parent_session_id == child_session_id:
            return None
        parent = self.ensure_session({"session_id": parent_session_id})
        parent_handle = None if parent is None else parent.handle
        turn = active_turn(parent_session_id)
        if (
            turn is not None and not turn.closed and turn.handle is not None
            and turn.lease.host is self and turn.lease.session is not None
            and turn.lease.session.session_id == parent_session_id
        ):
            parent_handle = turn.handle
        with self._sessions_lock:
            if self._closing:
                return None
            self._subagent_parents[child_session_id] = parent_session_id
            if parent_handle is not None:
                self._subagent_parent_handles[child_session_id] = parent_handle
        return self.ensure_session({"session_id": child_session_id}, metadata=metadata)

    def unregister_subagent(self, event: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
        """Close a delegated session and forget its parent relationship."""
        child_session_id = str(event.get("child_session_id") or "")
        if not child_session_id:
            return
        self.close_session({"session_id": child_session_id})
        self._forget_subagent(child_session_id)

    def _forget_subagent(self, session_id: str) -> None:
        with self._sessions_lock:
            self._subagent_parents.pop(session_id, None)
            self._subagent_parent_handles.pop(session_id, None)

    def get_session(self, session_id: str) -> RelaySession | None:
        """Return an active Hermes Relay session without creating one."""
        with self._sessions_lock:
            session = None if self._closing else self._sessions.get(str(session_id or ""))
        if session is not None:
            with session.lock:
                return None if session.closing else session
        return None

    def _session_context(
        self, session: RelaySession, *, allow_closing: bool
    ) -> contextvars.Context:
        """Copy the current context and overlay the session's saved Relay vars."""
        with session.lock:
            if session.closing and not allow_closing:
                raise RuntimeError("Hermes Relay session is closing")
            if session.context is None or session.handle is None:
                raise RuntimeError("Hermes Relay session context is unavailable")
            relay_context = session.context.copy()
        # A copy lets a helper inside a Relay callback re-enter the session's Context.
        context = contextvars.copy_context()
        for variable, value in relay_context.items():
            context.run(variable.set, value)
        return context

    def run_in_session(
        self, session: RelaySession, callback: Callable[..., Any], *args: Any,
        allow_closing: bool = False, timeout: float | None = None, **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> Any:
        """Run a Relay operation against a session's isolated scope stack.

        ``timeout`` bounds the native call on the daemon executor (``TimeoutError`` on
        breach); ``None`` runs synchronously. Lifecycle ops gating turn/session completion
        pass ``_SCOPE_OP_TIMEOUT``: a wedged pipeline must cost one span, never the agent.
        """
        self._begin_operation()
        try:
            return self._run_in_session_untracked(
                session, callback, *args, allow_closing=allow_closing, timeout=timeout, **kwargs
            )
        finally:
            self._end_operation()

    def _run_in_session_untracked(
        self, session: RelaySession, callback: Callable[..., Any], *args: Any,
        allow_closing: bool = False, timeout: float | None = None, **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> Any:
        """Run inside a session whose host-level lifetime is already held."""
        context = self._session_context(session, allow_closing=allow_closing)

        def invoke() -> Any:
            self.relay.get_scope_stack()
            return callback(*args, **kwargs)

        if timeout is None:
            return context.run(invoke)
        try:
            future = _scope_op_executor().submit(context.run, invoke)
        except RuntimeError:
            # Interpreter shutdown: the executor refuses new futures, but the atexit close
            # path must still flush — still bounded so a wedged call cannot block exit.
            return _run_on_daemon_thread(
                lambda: context.run(invoke),
                name="relay-scope-op-exit",
                timeout=timeout,
                timeout_message=(
                    f"Relay scope operation exceeded {timeout}s during interpreter "
                    "shutdown; abandoning the native call so process exit can proceed"
                ),
            )
        try:
            return future.result(timeout=timeout)
        except FuturesTimeoutError as exc:
            raise TimeoutError(
                f"Relay scope operation exceeded {timeout}s "
                f"(session={session.session_id}); abandoning the native call "
                "so the agent can continue — the span for this scope is lost"
            ) from exc

    async def run_in_session_async(
        self, session: RelaySession, callback: Callable[..., Any], *args: Any,
        allow_closing: bool = False, **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> Any:
        """Create and await an operation inside the session's saved context."""
        self._begin_operation()
        try:
            context = self._session_context(session, allow_closing=allow_closing)

            async def invoke() -> Any:
                self.relay.get_scope_stack()
                result = callback(*args, **kwargs)
                if inspect.isawaitable(result):
                    return await result
                return result

            task = context.run(asyncio.create_task, invoke())
            return await task
        finally:
            self._end_operation()

    def _begin_operation(self) -> None:
        """Admit one Relay call while keeping process plugins alive."""
        with self._sessions_lock:
            if self._closing:
                raise RuntimeError("Hermes Relay runtime is shutting down")
            self._active_operations += 1
            self._operations_idle.clear()

    def _end_operation(self) -> None:
        with self._sessions_lock:
            self._active_operations -= 1
            if self._active_operations == 0:
                self._operations_idle.set()

    def acquire_operation_lease(self) -> RelayOperationLease:
        """Retain plugin lifetime for work that outlives one Relay await."""
        self._begin_operation()
        return RelayOperationLease(self)

    def emit_mark(
        self, name: str, event: dict[str, Any], *, data: Any = None, metadata: Any = None
    ) -> bool:
        """Emit a mark parented to the Hermes session identified by ``event``."""
        session = self.ensure_session(event)
        if session is None:
            return False
        self.run_in_session(
            session, self.relay.scope.event, name, handle=session.handle, data=data,
            metadata=metadata,
        )
        return True

    def apply_tool_request_intercepts(
        self, *, session_id: str, tool_name: str, args: dict[str, Any]
    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
        """Apply Relay request rewriting before Hermes authorizes a tool call."""
        if not self.managed_execution_enabled():
            return args
        request_intercepts = getattr(getattr(self.relay, "tools", None), "request_intercepts", None)
        if not callable(request_intercepts):
            return args
        session = self.ensure_session({"session_id": session_id})
        if session is None:
            return args
        result = self.run_in_session(session, request_intercepts, tool_name, args)
        return result if isinstance(result, dict) else args

    def _pop_with_drain(
        self, handle: Any, *, output: dict[str, Any], metadata: dict[str, Any], session_root: Any,
        drain_limit: int,
    ) -> BaseException | None:
        """Pop ``handle``; if that fails, drain orphans above it and retry once.

        Returns the retry's error (None on success). Must run inside ONE ``run_in_session``
        callback so ContextVar stack views stay consistent.
        """
        try:
            pop_relay_scope(self.relay, handle, output=output, metadata=metadata)
            return None
        except Exception:
            pass
        drained = 0
        for _ in range(drain_limit):
            top = _current_top(self.relay)
            if top is None or _same_handle(top, handle):
                break
            # Never pop the session root while draining for a nested handle.
            if (
                session_root is not None and _same_handle(top, session_root)
                and handle is not session_root
            ):
                break
            try:
                pop_relay_scope(
                    self.relay, top, output={"outcome": "cancelled", "hermes.orphan_drain": True},
                    metadata=metadata,
                )
                drained += 1
            except Exception:
                logger.warning("Hermes Relay orphaned scope drain failed", exc_info=True)
                break
        if drained:
            logger.warning(
                "Hermes Relay drained %d orphaned scope(s) before closing %s", drained, handle
            )
        try:
            pop_relay_scope(self.relay, handle, output=output, metadata=metadata)
            return None
        except Exception as retry_exc:
            return retry_exc

    def _close_scope_handle(
        self, session: RelaySession, handle: Any, *, output: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
        allow_closing: bool = False, failure_label: str = "scope close failed",
        drain_limit: int = 32, operation_already_held: bool = False,
    ) -> str | None:
        """Pop ``handle``, draining orphaned children in the same session context.

        Relay scopes are strict LIFO; empty-stream retries + interrupt can abandon a
        physical LLM scope above TURN/SESSION. Drain+close is bounded so a wedged pipeline
        never blocks turn/session completion. Returns a failure string or None.
        """
        if handle is None:
            return None
        run_in_session = (
            self._run_in_session_untracked if operation_already_held else self.run_in_session
        )
        try:
            failure = run_in_session(
                session, self._pop_with_drain, handle, output=output or {},
                metadata=runtime_metadata(self.runtime_id), session_root=session.handle,
                drain_limit=drain_limit, allow_closing=allow_closing, timeout=_SCOPE_OP_TIMEOUT,
            )
        except Exception as exc:
            failure = exc
        return None if failure is None else f"{failure_label}: {failure}"

    def close_session(self, event: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
        """Close one session scope and remove it from the core registry."""
        try:
            self._begin_operation()
        except RuntimeError:
            return
        try:
            self._close_session(event)
        finally:
            self._end_operation()

    def _close_session(self, event: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
        """Close one session already admitted by the host lifecycle gate."""
        session_id = _session_id(event)
        with self._sessions_lock:
            session = self._sessions.get(session_id)
        if session is None:
            self._forget_subagent(session_id)
            return
        failure = None
        with session.lock:
            if session.closing:
                return
            session.closing = True
            if session.handle is not None:
                failure = self._close_scope_handle(
                    session, session.handle, output={}, allow_closing=True,
                    failure_label="session scope close failed", operation_already_held=True,
                )
        # No subscriber flush here: it is process-wide, may wait on other sessions'
        # publications and can deadlock an asyncio loop; final plugin teardown flushes once.
        with self._sessions_lock:
            if self._sessions.get(session_id) is session:
                self._sessions.pop(session_id, None)
            self._forget_subagent(session_id)
        if failure:
            logger.warning("Hermes Relay session %s closed with errors: %s", session_id, failure)

    def shutdown(self) -> None:
        """Close core scopes and release process plugin configuration."""
        with self._sessions_lock:
            if self._shutdown_started:
                return
            self._shutdown_started = True
            self._closing = True
            has_active_operations = self._active_operations > 0
        if has_active_operations:
            thread = threading.Thread(
                target=self._finish_shutdown_after_operations,
                name=f"hermes-nemo-relay-shutdown-{self.runtime_id[:8]}", daemon=True,
            )
            try:
                thread.start()
            except Exception:
                with self._sessions_lock:
                    self._shutdown_started = False
                logger.warning("Hermes Relay deferred shutdown could not start", exc_info=True)
            return
        self._finish_shutdown()

    def _finish_shutdown_after_operations(self) -> None:
        self._operations_idle.wait()
        self._finish_shutdown()

    def _finish_shutdown(self) -> None:
        try:
            with self._sessions_lock:
                session_ids = list(self._sessions)
            for session_id in session_ids:
                self._safe(self._close_session, {"session_id": session_id})
            if self._plugin_configuration_registered:
                if self._plugins_active():
                    self.release_managed_execution(RELAY_PLUGINS_EXECUTION_CONSUMER)
                _PLUGIN_CONFIGURATION.release(self)
                self._plugin_configuration_registered = False
                self._safe(atexit.unregister, self.shutdown, quiet=True)
        except Exception:
            with self._sessions_lock:
                self._shutdown_started = False
            logger.warning("Hermes Relay shutdown failed", exc_info=True)
            return
        with self._sessions_lock:
            self._shutdown_complete.set()

    @staticmethod
    def _safe(callback: Callable[..., Any], *args: Any, quiet: bool = False, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
        try:
            return callback(*args, **kwargs)
        except Exception:
            if not quiet:
                logger.warning("Hermes Relay runtime operation failed", exc_info=True)
            return None


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class NoopRelayRuntime:
    """Explicit reduced-capability host for platforms without Relay wheels."""

    profile_key: str
    reason: str

    def apply_tool_request_intercepts(
        self, *, session_id: str, tool_name: str, args: dict[str, Any]
    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
        return args

    @staticmethod
    def retain_managed_execution(consumer: str) -> None:
        pass

    release_managed_execution = retain_managed_execution

    @staticmethod
    def managed_execution_enabled() -> bool:
        return False

    def shutdown(self) -> None:
        """No resources are allocated on unsupported platforms."""


RelayHost = RelayRuntime | NoopRelayRuntime


class RelayHostRegistry:
    """Own exactly one Relay host for each canonical Hermes profile."""

    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self._lock = threading.RLock()
        self._hosts: dict[str, RelayHost] = {}

    def for_profile(
        self, profile_key: str | None = None, *, create: bool = True
    ) -> RelayHost | None:
        key = profile_key or current_profile_key()
        host = self._hosts.get(key)
        if host is not None or not create:
            return host
        with self._lock:
            host = self._hosts.get(key)
            if host is not None or not create:
                return host
            try:
                host = RelayRuntime(profile_key=key)
            except Exception as exc:
                logger.warning("Hermes Relay runtime initialization failed", exc_info=True)
                host = NoopRelayRuntime(profile_key=key, reason=str(exc))
            self._hosts[key] = host
            return host

    def shutdown_all(self) -> None:
        with self._lock:
            hosts = list(self._hosts.values())
            self._hosts.clear()
        for host in hosts:
            host.shutdown()


HOST_REGISTRY = RelayHostRegistry()


@dataclass
class ConversationLease:
    """A resumable reference to one profile-scoped conversation scope."""

    profile_key: str
    session_id: str
    platform: str
    host: RelayHost
    session: RelaySession | None
    parent_session_id: str = ""
    released: bool = False

    def live_runtime(self) -> RelayRuntime | None:
        """Return the real Relay host when this lease owns an open session."""
        if isinstance(self.host, RelayRuntime) and self.session is not None:
            return self.host
        return None


@dataclass
class RelayTurnContext:
    """Runtime-only context for one Hermes turn or top-level task."""

    lease: ConversationLease
    turn_id: str
    task_id: str
    handle: Any = None
    logical_llm_calls: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict, repr=False)
    logical_llm_lock: threading.RLock = field(default_factory=threading.RLock, repr=False)
    finalize_lock: threading.RLock = field(default_factory=threading.RLock, repr=False)
    _previous_turn: RelayTurnContext | None = field(default=None, repr=False)
    _active_registered: bool = field(default=False, repr=False)
    relay_enabled: bool = True
    closed: bool = False


_CURRENT_TURN: contextvars.ContextVar[RelayTurnContext | None] = contextvars.ContextVar(
    "hermes_relay_turn", default=None
)

# Depth of managed Relay callbacks on the current call path (>0 while the native pipeline
# is mid-dispatch of a Hermes tool/LLM callback). Nested managed execution there is
# structurally broken: the pipeline binds its Futures to the OUTER call's event loop, which
# is blocked inside the synchronous callback (wrong loop / deadlock / "Event loop is
# closed"), so resolve_execution_context() bypasses Relay while set. A ContextVar so the
# marker follows copy_context() into worker threads / per-thread loops.
_MANAGED_CALLBACK_DEPTH: contextvars.ContextVar[int] = contextvars.ContextVar(
    "hermes_relay_managed_callback_depth", default=0
)


class managed_callback_guard:
    """Mark the current context as inside a managed Relay callback.

    Wrap the ``invoke()`` callbacks handed to the native pipeline; everything they
    transitively call (incl. work forwarded via copy_context()) runs unmanaged.
    """

    def __enter__(self) -> "managed_callback_guard":
        self._token = _MANAGED_CALLBACK_DEPTH.set(_MANAGED_CALLBACK_DEPTH.get() + 1)
        return self

    def __exit__(self, *exc_info: Any) -> None:
        _MANAGED_CALLBACK_DEPTH.reset(self._token)


def _flag_open_session(session: RelaySession, flag: str) -> None:
    """Set a pending-rotation/close flag unless the session is already closing."""
    with session.lock:
        if not session.closing:
            setattr(session, flag, True)


class RelaySessionCoordinator:
    """Own semantic conversation and turn lifetimes for Hermes core."""

    def __init__(self, registry: RelayHostRegistry = HOST_REGISTRY) -> None:
        self.registry = registry
        self._initializer_lock = threading.RLock()
        self._session_initializers: dict[str, Callable[[RelayRuntime, dict[str, Any]], None]] = {}
        self._active_turns_lock = threading.RLock()
        self._active_turns: dict[tuple[str, str], set[int]] = {}

    def register_session_initializer(
        self, name: str, callback: Callable[[RelayRuntime, dict[str, Any]], None]
    ) -> None:
        """Register idempotent profile/session preparation before scope creation."""
        with self._initializer_lock:
            self._session_initializers[name] = callback

    def _prepare_session(self, host: RelayRuntime, context: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
        with self._initializer_lock:
            initializers = list(self._session_initializers.items())
        for name, callback in initializers:
            try:
                callback(host, context)
            except Exception:
                logger.warning("Hermes Relay session initializer failed: %s", name, exc_info=True)

    def acquire_conversation(
        self, *, profile_key: str, session_id: str, platform: str, parent_session_id: str = "",
        model: str = "",
    ) -> ConversationLease:
        host = self.registry.for_profile(profile_key) or NoopRelayRuntime(
            profile_key, "Relay host creation was disabled"
        )
        session = None
        if isinstance(host, RelayRuntime):
            try:
                self._prepare_session(host, {
                    "profile_key": profile_key, "session_id": session_id, "platform": platform,
                    "parent_session_id": parent_session_id, "model": model,
                })
                metadata = {"hermes.execution_surface": platform or "unknown"}
                if parent_session_id and parent_session_id != session_id:
                    session = host.register_subagent(
                        {"parent_session_id": parent_session_id, "child_session_id": session_id},
                        metadata=metadata,
                    )
                else:
                    session = host.ensure_session({"session_id": session_id}, metadata=metadata)
            except Exception:
                logger.warning("Hermes Relay conversation initialization failed", exc_info=True)
        return ConversationLease(
            profile_key=profile_key, session_id=session_id, platform=platform, host=host,
            session=session, parent_session_id=parent_session_id,
        )

    def begin_turn(
        self, lease: ConversationLease, *, turn_id: str, task_id: str
    ) -> RelayTurnContext:
        if lease.released:
            raise RuntimeError("Hermes Relay conversation lease is released")
        turn = RelayTurnContext(lease=lease, turn_id=turn_id, task_id=task_id)
        key = (lease.profile_key, lease.session_id)
        with self._active_turns_lock:
            if self._active_turns.get(key):
                # One physical scope stack per session; concurrent turns would create
                # sibling scopes whose completion order is not LIFO.
                turn.relay_enabled = False
                logger.warning(
                    "Skipping Relay instrumentation for concurrent Hermes turn " "%s in session %s",
                    turn_id, lease.session_id,
                )
            else:
                self._active_turns[key] = {id(turn)}
                turn._active_registered = True
        host = lease.live_runtime() if turn.relay_enabled else None
        if host is not None:
            # Segment rotation happens HERE — the only point with no live turn scope on
            # the stack, so the session scope can close/reopen without breaking LIFO.
            try:
                self._maybe_rotate_segment(host, lease.session)
            except Exception:
                logger.warning("Hermes Relay segment rotation failed", exc_info=True)
            try:
                turn.handle = host.run_in_session(
                    lease.session,
                    host.relay.scope.push,
                    TURN_SCOPE,
                    host.relay.ScopeType.Function,
                    handle=lease.session.handle,
                    input={},
                    metadata=runtime_metadata(
                        host.runtime_id, **{"hermes.execution_surface": lease.platform or "unknown"}
                    ),
                    timeout=_SCOPE_OP_TIMEOUT,
                )
            except Exception:
                logger.warning("Hermes Relay turn initialization failed", exc_info=True)
        turn._previous_turn = _CURRENT_TURN.get()
        _CURRENT_TURN.set(turn)
        return turn

    @staticmethod
    def _maybe_rotate_segment(host: RelayRuntime, session: RelaySession) -> None:
        """Rotate the session scope when compaction flagged it or the turn cap is hit."""
        config = _segments_config()
        cap = config["max_turns"]
        compaction = config["on_compaction"] and session.rotate_pending
        if compaction or (cap > 0 and session.segment_turns >= cap):
            host.rotate_session_scope(session, reason="compaction" if compaction else "max_turns")

    def end_turn(self, turn: RelayTurnContext, *, outcome: str) -> None:
        with turn.finalize_lock:
            if turn.closed:
                self._reset_turn_context(turn)
                return
            turn.closed = True
            lease = turn.lease
            host = lease.live_runtime()
            try:
                if host is not None:
                    self._close_turn_scope(host, turn, outcome=outcome)
            finally:
                try:
                    # Segment turn accounting (max_turns rotation trigger).
                    if turn._active_registered and host is not None:
                        with lease.session.lock:
                            lease.session.segment_turns += 1
                except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001 - accounting must never block
                    pass
                try:
                    # Delegated agents own one turn: close their conversation while the
                    # active-turn guard is held so a parent timeout fallback cannot race it.
                    if lease.parent_session_id and isinstance(lease.host, RelayRuntime):
                        lease.host.unregister_subagent({"child_session_id": lease.session_id})
                except Exception:
                    logger.warning(
                        "Hermes Relay child conversation finalization failed", exc_info=True
                    )
                finally:
                    self._unregister_active_turn(turn)
                    self._reset_turn_context(turn)
                self._consume_deferred_close(lease)

    def _close_turn_scope(
        self, host: RelayRuntime, turn: RelayTurnContext, *, outcome: str
    ) -> None:
        """Pop the turn's logical LLM children, then the turn scope itself (LIFO)."""
        self._finish_logical_calls(turn, outcome=outcome)
        if turn.handle is None:
            return
        failure = host._close_scope_handle(
            turn.lease.session, turn.handle, output={"outcome": outcome},
            failure_label="turn scope close failed",
        )
        if failure:
            logger.warning("Hermes Relay turn finalization failed: %s", failure)

    def _consume_deferred_close(self, lease: Any) -> None:
        """Close a session whose rotating-compaction close was deferred.

        ``notify_session_compacted`` sets ``close_pending`` when the old session had a live
        turn (closing then breaks LIFO). The last live turn consumes it here after its own
        scope popped and it left the active-turn table.
        """
        try:
            host = lease.live_runtime()
            if host is None:
                return
            with lease.session.lock:
                pending = lease.session.close_pending and not lease.session.closing
            if pending and not self.has_active_turn(
                profile_key=lease.profile_key, session_id=lease.session_id
            ):
                host.close_session({"session_id": lease.session_id})
        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001 - telemetry must never block end_turn
            logger.warning("Hermes Relay deferred session close failed", exc_info=True)

    def notify_session_compacted(
        self, *, profile_key: str, session_id: str, old_session_id: str = ""
    ) -> None:
        """React to a completed compaction, per compaction mode.

        In-place (``old_session_id`` empty/equal): flag rotation for the next turn boundary
        — never rotate immediately, a turn may be live and rotating under it breaks LIFO.
        Rotating (ids differ): the next turn gets a fresh session under the new id, so close
        the OLD session now or its scope stays an unexported orphan. Unknown sessions and
        disabled config are silent no-ops.
        """
        try:
            if not _segments_config()["on_compaction"]:
                return
            host = self.registry.for_profile(profile_key)
            if not isinstance(host, RelayRuntime):
                return
            if old_session_id and old_session_id != session_id:
                # A LIVE turn on the old session: closing now would pop under it (LIFO).
                with host._sessions_lock:
                    old_session = host._sessions.get(old_session_id)
                if old_session is not None and self.has_active_turn(
                    profile_key=profile_key, session_id=old_session_id
                ):
                    _flag_open_session(old_session, "close_pending")
                else:
                    host.close_session({"session_id": old_session_id})
                return
            with host._sessions_lock:
                session = host._sessions.get(session_id)
            if session is not None:
                _flag_open_session(session, "rotate_pending")
        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001 - telemetry must never block compaction
            logger.warning("Hermes Relay compaction notification failed", exc_info=True)

    def has_active_turn(self, *, profile_key: str, session_id: str) -> bool:
        """Return whether a turn is still running for one profile/session."""
        with self._active_turns_lock:
            return bool(self._active_turns.get((profile_key, session_id)))

    def _unregister_active_turn(self, turn: RelayTurnContext) -> None:
        if not turn._active_registered:
            return
        key = (turn.lease.profile_key, turn.lease.session_id)
        with self._active_turns_lock:
            active = self._active_turns.get(key)
            if active is not None:
                active.discard(id(turn))
                if not active:
                    self._active_turns.pop(key, None)
            turn._active_registered = False

    def finish_logical_calls(self, turn: RelayTurnContext, *, outcome: str) -> None:
        """Close logical LLM children before sibling task aggregation scopes."""
        with turn.finalize_lock:
            if turn.closed:
                return
            self._finish_logical_calls(turn, outcome=outcome)

    @staticmethod
    def _finish_logical_calls(turn: RelayTurnContext, *, outcome: str) -> None:
        lease = turn.lease
        host = lease.live_runtime()
        if host is None:
            return
        with turn.logical_llm_lock:
            logical_calls = list(turn.logical_llm_calls.items())
            turn.logical_llm_calls.clear()
        for index, (request_id, logical_handle) in reversed(list(enumerate(logical_calls))):
            failure = host._close_scope_handle(
                lease.session, logical_handle, output={"outcome": outcome},
                failure_label="logical LLM scope close failed",
            )
            if failure is None:
                continue
            with turn.logical_llm_lock:
                # Stack-owned scopes: if the newest handle cannot close even after orphan
                # drain, older ones cannot either — retain the unclosed prefix.
                for pending_request_id, pending_handle in logical_calls[: index + 1]:
                    turn.logical_llm_calls.setdefault(pending_request_id, pending_handle)
            logger.warning("Hermes Relay logical LLM finalization failed: %s", failure)
            break

    @staticmethod
    def _reset_turn_context(turn: RelayTurnContext) -> None:
        """Unwind ``turn`` without disturbing a newer context-local turn."""
        if _CURRENT_TURN.get() is not turn:
            return
        previous = turn._previous_turn
        seen = {id(turn)}
        while previous is not None and previous.closed:
            if id(previous) in seen:
                previous = None
                break
            seen.add(id(previous))
            previous = previous._previous_turn
        _CURRENT_TURN.set(previous)

    @staticmethod
    def release_conversation(lease: ConversationLease) -> None:
        """Release a caller lease without closing a resumable conversation."""
        lease.released = True

    def finalize_conversation(self, *, profile_key: str, session_id: str) -> None:
        host = self.registry.for_profile(profile_key, create=False)
        if isinstance(host, RelayRuntime):
            host.close_session({"session_id": session_id})


SESSION_COORDINATOR = RelaySessionCoordinator()


def current_turn() -> RelayTurnContext | None:
    """Return the turn context inherited by current async and thread work."""
    return _CURRENT_TURN.get()


def relay_instrumentation_enabled() -> bool:
    """Return whether this inherited turn may create Relay instrumentation."""
    turn = current_turn()
    return turn is None or (turn.relay_enabled and not turn.closed)


def active_turn(session_id: str | None = None) -> RelayTurnContext | None:
    """Return a live turn only when it belongs to the active profile/session."""
    turn = current_turn()
    if turn is None or not turn.relay_enabled or turn.closed or turn.lease.released:
        return None
    lease = turn.lease
    if lease.profile_key != current_profile_key():
        return None
    if session_id is not None and lease.session_id != session_id:
        return None
    if isinstance(lease.host, RelayRuntime) and (
        lease.session is None or lease.host.get_session(lease.session_id) is not lease.session
    ):
        return None
    return turn


def resolve_execution_context(
    session_id: str,
) -> tuple[RelayRuntime | None, RelaySession | None, Any]:
    """Resolve one active turn/session parent for managed Relay execution."""
    if _MANAGED_CALLBACK_DEPTH.get() > 0:
        # Nested managed execution is impossible (see _MANAGED_CALLBACK_DEPTH); the
        # outer scope still records the tool-level event.
        return None, None, None
    inherited_turn = current_turn()
    if inherited_turn is not None and (not inherited_turn.relay_enabled or inherited_turn.closed):
        return None, None, None
    turn = active_turn(session_id)
    host = turn.lease.live_runtime() if turn is not None else None
    if host is not None:
        session = turn.lease.session
        return host, session, turn.handle or session.handle
    # Consumers retain the profile host before reaching an out-of-turn adapter; never
    # initialize Relay for the default no-consumer path.
    runtime = get_runtime(create=False)
    if runtime is None or not runtime.managed_execution_enabled():
        return None, None, None
    session = runtime.get_session(session_id)
    if session is None:
        session = runtime.ensure_session({"session_id": session_id})
    return runtime, session, None if session is None else session.handle


def emit_mark(name: str, *, session_id: str, data: Any = None, metadata: Any = None) -> bool:
    """Emit a fail-open Relay mark under a Hermes session."""
    runtime = get_runtime(create=False)
    if runtime is None:
        return False
    try:
        return runtime.emit_mark(name, {"session_id": session_id}, data=data, metadata=metadata)
    except Exception:
        logger.warning("Hermes Relay mark failed: %s", name, exc_info=True)
        return False


def apply_tool_request_intercepts(
    *, session_id: str, tool_name: str, args: dict[str, Any]
) -> dict[str, Any]:
    """Return Relay-rewritten arguments at Hermes's authorization boundary."""
    if not session_id:
        return args
    runtime = get_runtime(create=False)
    if runtime is None:
        return args
    return runtime.apply_tool_request_intercepts(
        session_id=session_id, tool_name=tool_name, args=args
    )


def _is_relay_wrapped_callback_error(
    relay_error: BaseException, callback_error: BaseException
) -> bool:
    """Match Relay's native callback wrapper without masking policy errors."""
    if relay_error is callback_error:
        return True
    if not isinstance(relay_error, RuntimeError):
        return False
    callback_type = callback_error.__class__
    type_names = {
        callback_type.__name__, callback_type.__qualname__,
        f"{callback_type.__module__}.{callback_type.__qualname__}",
    }
    message = str(relay_error)
    return any(
        message.startswith(f"internal error: {type_name}: {callback_error}")
        for type_name in type_names
    )


def get_runtime(*, create: bool = True, profile_key: str | None = None) -> RelayRuntime | None:
    """Return the Relay host for the active Hermes profile."""
    host = HOST_REGISTRY.for_profile(profile_key, create=create)
    return host if isinstance(host, RelayRuntime) else None


def current_profile_key() -> str:
    """Return the canonical profile identity used for runtime isolation."""
    home = get_hermes_home().expanduser()
    if not home.is_absolute():
        return str(home.resolve())
    raw = str(home)
    cached = _PROFILE_KEY_CACHE.get(raw)
    if cached is not None:
        return cached
    resolved = str(home.resolve())
    return _PROFILE_KEY_CACHE.setdefault(raw, resolved)


def _load_nemo_relay() -> Any:
    """Load the binding only when a producer or consumer needs Relay."""
    return importlib.import_module("nemo_relay")


def _configured_plugin_inputs(relay: Any) -> tuple[dict[str, Any], list[Any]] | None:
    """Load selected plugin inputs, or return ``None`` when none were selected."""
    configured = os.environ.get(RELAY_PLUGINS_CONFIG_ENV, "").strip()
    if not configured:
        legacy_vars = configured_legacy_relay_env_vars(os.environ)
        if legacy_vars:
            logger.warning(
                "Legacy NeMo Relay exporter variables are set but no %s was "
                "provided. %s no longer activate Relay exporters; migrate the "
                "exporter configuration to a Relay plugins.toml file.",
                RELAY_PLUGINS_CONFIG_ENV,
                ", ".join(legacy_vars),
            )
        return None

    config_path = Path(configured).expanduser()
    try:
        with config_path.open("rb") as config_file:
            config = tomllib.load(config_file)
        if "dynamic_plugins" in config:
            raise ValueError(
                "Hermes [[dynamic_plugins]] records are unsupported; use Relay "
                "[[plugins.dynamic]] records"
            )
        dynamic_plugins: list[Any] = []
        if "plugins" in config:
            dynamic_plugins = relay.plugin.load_dynamic_plugin_activation_specs(config_path)
        plugin_config = dict(config)
        plugin_config.pop("plugins", None)
        return plugin_config, dynamic_plugins
    except Exception as exc:
        raise _RelayPluginConfigurationLoadError(
            "Hermes Relay plugin configuration could not be loaded from "
            f"{config_path}; continuing without Relay plugins"
        ) from exc


def _resolve_plugin_awaitable(value: Any) -> Any:
    """Resolve Relay's async plugin API from synchronous host construction."""
    if not inspect.isawaitable(value):
        return value
    try:
        asyncio.get_running_loop()
    except RuntimeError:
        return asyncio.run(value)
    return _run_on_daemon_thread(
        lambda: asyncio.run(value), name="hermes-nemo-relay-plugin-lifecycle"
    )


def _session_id(event: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
    return str(event.get("session_id") or "")


def _reset_for_tests() -> None:
    """Reset all profile-scoped Relay hosts for isolated tests."""
    with SESSION_COORDINATOR._active_turns_lock:
        SESSION_COORDINATOR._active_turns.clear()
    HOST_REGISTRY.shutdown_all()
    _PLUGIN_CONFIGURATION.reset_for_tests()
    _PROFILE_KEY_CACHE.clear()