Files
hermes-agent/cron/lifecycle_guard.py
2026-09-02 19:32:42 -07:00

800 lines
37 KiB
Python

"""Gateway lifecycle guard for cron job creation.
A cron job that restarts/stops the gateway from inside the gateway (``hermes gateway restart``,
``launchctl kickstart ai.hermes.gateway``, ``systemctl restart hermes-gateway``) kills the process,
the supervisor revives it, auto-resume re-runs the turn: a SIGTERM-respawn loop. ``cron.jobs.create_job``
rejects such specs on every creation path. Patterns are command-shaped — anchored on concrete command
identifiers — so they cannot fire on prose. Defence-in-depth layer.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import logging
import os
import re
import shlex
import stat
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Callable, Iterator, Optional
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class GatewayLifecycleBlocked(ValueError):
"""Raised when a cron job spec contains a gateway-lifecycle command."""
# Shell-level command shapes that target the gateway lifecycle; each branch is anchored on a
# concrete command identifier so it fires only on command-shaped strings, never prose.
_GATEWAY_LIFECYCLE_PATTERN = re.compile(
r"(?i)"
# Branch A: destructive `hermes gateway` ops. `start` is excluded: starting from inside a gateway
# is benign and a job may legitimately start a sibling profile. The lookbehind keeps `hermes` from
# being a path component or word tail (`/docs/hermes gateway restart-notes.md`) while every real
# command position (text start, whitespace, `;`/`&`/`|`, `$(`, backtick, U+FFFD) still matches.
r"(?:(?<![/\w.\-])hermes\s+gateway\s+(?:restart|stop|uninstall)\b)"
# Branch B: launchctl ops anchored on a hermes-gateway label so unrelated hermes services stay
# unblocked. `submit`/`bootstrap` register a NEW keepalive job wrapping an arbitrary helper (a
# laundered restart); neutral-label submissions are caught by `contains_launchctl_submit_command`.
# `bootout`/`remove`/`disable` are the modern/legacy/durable forms of `unload`.
r"|(?:launchctl\s+(?:kickstart|unload|load|stop|restart|submit|bootstrap|bootout|remove|disable)\b[^\n]*\bhermes[.\-]?gateway)"
# Branch C: systemctl ops on a hermes-gateway unit.
r"|(?:systemctl\s+(?:-\S+\s+)*(?:restart|stop|start)\b[^\n]*\bhermes[.\-]?gateway)"
# Branch D: pkill/kill of the gateway process, both token orders. Leading \b keeps "skill" from
# matching as "kill".
r"|(?:\bp?kill\b[^\n]*\bhermes\b[^\n]*\bgateway)"
r"|(?:\bp?kill\b[^\n]*\bgateway\b[^\n]*\bhermes)"
)
# Every branch uses `[^\n]*` between verb and label so matches cannot span unrelated lines. A POSIX
# backslash-newline continuation is therefore collapsed to a space before matching (as the shell does)
# rather than loosening `[^\n]*`.
_SHELL_LINE_CONTINUATION = re.compile(r"\\\r?\n[ \t]*")
# Python argv-list punctuation (`subprocess.run(["launchctl", "bootout", ...])`) separates exec'd words
# with brackets/commas. Stripped only for the token-join re-scan, never from raw text.
_ARGV_LIST_PUNCTUATION = re.compile(r"[\[\],]+")
# Branch A2: `hermes -p <profile> gateway restart|stop` (also `--profile <name>` / `--profile=<name>`).
# The selector breaks Branch A's adjacency. A sibling-profile restart is a legitimate fleet operation,
# so the profile name is captured and blocked only when it equals the profile running the guard.
# `start` stays excluded as in Branch A.
_PROFILE_FLAG_LIFECYCLE_PATTERN = re.compile(
r"(?i)"
r"hermes\s+"
# Any global flags before the profile selector (each may carry a value).
r"(?:-{1,2}\S+(?:\s+\S+)?\s+)*"
# The selector: exactly the shapes the CLI's `_apply_profile_override` accepts.
r"(?:--profile=([^\s]+)|(?:-p|--profile)\s+([^\s]+))"
# Any global flags between the selector and the subcommand.
r"(?:\s+-{1,2}\S+(?:\s+\S+)?)*"
r"\s+gateway\s+(?:restart|stop)"
)
# Branch B needs the label AFTER the verb in one `[^\n]*` span; a loop that builds the label in an
# EARLIER `;`-segment (`label=${item%%:*}; launchctl bootout "gui/$uid/$label"`) leaves only `$label`
# next to the verb. These verbs act on an EXISTING job, so the hermes-gateway label anchor stays
# correct, but the check is "verb anywhere AND label anywhere".
_LAUNCHCTL_LIFECYCLE_VERBS_RE = re.compile(
r"(?i)\blaunchctl\s+(?:kickstart|unload|load|stop|restart|bootout|kill|disable|remove)\b"
)
_HERMES_GATEWAY_LABEL_RE = re.compile(r"(?i)\bhermes[.\-]?gateway\b")
_SHELL_EXECUTABLES = frozenset({"sh", "bash", "dash", "ksh", "zsh"})
_SHELL_OPTIONS_WITH_VALUES = frozenset({"-O", "+O", "-o", "+o"})
_SHELL_COMMAND_FLAGS = {"-c", "--command"}
_MAX_REFERENCED_SCRIPT_BYTES = 1024 * 1024
_MAX_REFERENCED_SCRIPT_DEPTH = 8
_CONTROL_CHARS = frozenset(";&|()")
# Directory names directly under `Library` that mark a FileProvider-backed subtree: `Mobile Documents`
# is iCloud Drive; `CloudStorage` hosts third-party providers (Dropbox, OneDrive, Google Drive, ...).
_CLOUD_PLACEHOLDER_MARKERS = frozenset({"Mobile Documents", "CloudStorage"})
# Executables whose arguments are DATA (search patterns, SQL, log filters) and cannot execute their
# argument text. Deliberately conservative: no `awk` (system()), no `sed` (`s///e`), no `echo`/`printf`
# (routinely piped into a shell), no `mysql` (`\\!` and `system` escapes).
_DATA_SINK_EXECUTABLES = frozenset(
{"grep", "egrep", "fgrep", "rg", "ag", "ack", "journalctl", "sqlite3", "psql"}
)
# Argument shapes that smuggle execution back INTO a data sink (command/process substitution, psql
# `\!`). Any hit disables masking for the whole segment — fail closed to the plain regex verdict.
_UNSAFE_DATA_ARG_MARKERS = ("`", "$(", "<(", ">(", "\\!")
# sqlite3 dot-commands (`.shell`, `.system`) also disable masking. Dot must be followed by a NAME
# character so relative paths (`.`, `./x`) stay paths.
_DOT_COMMAND_ARGUMENT = re.compile(r"^\.[A-Za-z]")
# A data sink piped into a shell/interpreter can feed matched lines to execution; never mask such a line.
_PIPE_TO_INTERPRETER = re.compile(
r"\|\s*&?\s*(?:sudo\s+)?(?:sh|bash|dash|ksh|zsh|xargs|eval|source)\b"
)
# Bytes sniffed before reading a referenced file in full (see _BINARY_MAGICS).
_BINARY_SNIFF_BYTES = 4096
_ReadRemoteScriptFn = Callable[[str], Optional[str]]
# Wrappers that hand execution to their argument tail: the real command sits further right, so a
# first-token-only guard would let `sudo bash ~/restart.sh` or `sudo launchctl submit ...` walk past.
_TRANSPARENT_COMMAND_PREFIXES = frozenset({
"sudo", "doas", "env", "nohup", "setsid", "nice", "ionice", "stdbuf",
"timeout", "exec", "command", "builtin", "eatmydata",
# Privilege and namespace wrappers: options, then the command they run.
"pkexec", "su", "runuser", "setpriv", "systemd-run", "nsenter", "unshare",
})
# Wrapper options that consume the NEXT token, so a value is never mistaken for the command.
_TRANSPARENT_PREFIX_VALUE_OPTIONS = {
"sudo": {"-u", "-g", "-U", "-C", "-p", "-r", "-t", "-T", "--user", "--group", "--prompt"},
"doas": {"-u", "-C"},
"env": {"-u", "--unset", "-S", "--split-string", "-C", "--chdir"},
"nice": {"-n", "--adjustment"},
"ionice": {"-c", "-n", "-p", "--class", "--classdata"},
"stdbuf": {"-i", "-o", "-e", "--input", "--output", "--error"},
"timeout": {"-s", "-k", "--signal", "--kill-after"},
"pkexec": {"--user"},
"su": {"-s", "--shell", "-g", "--group", "-G", "--supp-group"},
"runuser": {"-u", "--user", "-s", "--shell", "-g", "--group", "-G", "--supp-group"},
"setpriv": {"--reuid", "--regid", "--groups", "--inh-caps", "--ambient-caps", "--bounding-set",
"--selinux-label", "--apparmor-profile"},
"systemd-run": {"-u", "--unit", "-p", "--property", "-E", "--setenv", "--slice", "--description",
"--uid", "--gid", "--on-calendar", "--service-type"},
"nsenter": {"-t", "--target", "-S", "--setuid", "-G", "--setgid", "-r", "--root", "-w", "--wd"},
"unshare": {"--map-user", "--map-group", "--setgroups", "-R", "--root", "-w", "--wd"},
}
# Wrapper options carrying a COMMAND STRING (shell source, re-scanned like `sh -c`); treating it as
# an opaque value would hide whatever it runs (`env -S 'bash ~/restart.sh'`).
_STRING_COMMAND_OPTIONS = {
"env": ("-S", "--split-string"),
"su": ("-c", "--command"),
"runuser": ("-c", "--command"),
}
# Wrappers whose first non-option operand is a VALUE, not the command (`timeout 60 bash x.sh`).
_TRANSPARENT_PREFIX_OPERANDS = {"timeout": 1}
_ENV_ASSIGNMENT = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*=")
# Bound the walk: a pathological token run must not spin here.
_MAX_PREFIX_PEELS = 8
_BINARY_MAGICS = (
b"\x7fELF", # ELF — Linux/BSD executables and shared objects
b"\xfe\xed\xfa\xce", # Mach-O 32-bit
b"\xfe\xed\xfa\xcf", # Mach-O 64-bit
b"\xce\xfa\xed\xfe", # Mach-O 32-bit, byte-swapped
b"\xcf\xfa\xed\xfe", # Mach-O 64-bit, byte-swapped
b"\xca\xfe\xba\xbe", # Mach-O universal ("fat") binary
b"MZ", # PE/COFF — Windows .exe/.dll
b"!<arch>", # static archive (.a)
b"\x1f\x8b", # gzip
b"PK\x03\x04", # zip (also .jar/.whl/.egg)
)
# --- profile identity -------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _current_profile_name() -> Optional[str]:
"""Profile running the guard: ``HERMES_PROFILE_NAME``/``HERMES_PROFILE`` env first, then
``hermes_cli.profiles.get_active_profile_name`` (from ``HERMES_HOME``); ``None`` if neither."""
for env_name in ("HERMES_PROFILE_NAME", "HERMES_PROFILE"):
value = os.environ.get(env_name)
if value and value.strip():
return value.strip()
try:
from hermes_cli.profiles import get_active_profile_name
return get_active_profile_name() or None
except Exception:
return None
def _named_profile_is_current(named: str) -> bool:
"""True when *named* is the profile executing the guard. Without a profile identity self-targeting
cannot be proven, so nothing is blocked (sibling restarts stay allowed)."""
current = _current_profile_name()
return bool(current) and named.strip().casefold() == current.strip().casefold()
# --- direct string scans ----------------------------------------------------------------------
def _contains_launchctl_gateway_lifecycle(normalized_text: str) -> bool:
"""Order-independent companion to Branch B — see the verbs regex comment."""
return bool(_LAUNCHCTL_LIFECYCLE_VERBS_RE.search(normalized_text)) and bool(
_HERMES_GATEWAY_LABEL_RE.search(normalized_text)
)
def contains_gateway_lifecycle_command(text: str) -> bool:
"""Return True if *text* contains a gateway lifecycle command pattern.
Passes, in order: raw-text regex (the only pass that fires on inputs shlex cannot tokenize, e.g.
Python source); profile-flag form; the same regex on each shell-tokenized segment with quotes/
escapes resolved (closes splice bypasses like ``kick"start"`` / ``kick\\start``); order-independent
launchctl pass. Single choke point for every recursion level of ``_contains_unsafe_gateway_action``.
"""
if not text:
return False
# Provably inert heredoc bodies (quoted delimiter, data-sink consumer like `cat > f <<'EOF'`) are
# documentation, not commands. The stripper fails open on ANY ambiguity (unquoted delimiter, shell
# consumer, unterminated body), so executable heredocs are still scanned.
from tools.shell_heredoc import strip_inert_heredoc_bodies
text = strip_inert_heredoc_bodies(text)
normalized = _SHELL_LINE_CONTINUATION.sub(" ", text)
if _GATEWAY_LIFECYCLE_PATTERN.search(normalized):
return True
# Profile-flag form: blocked only when the named profile IS the one running the guard.
profile_match = _PROFILE_FLAG_LIFECYCLE_PATTERN.search(normalized)
if profile_match:
named = profile_match.group(1) or profile_match.group(2)
# Profile ids cannot contain quotes (`^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9_-]{0,63}$`), so a shell-quoted
# `-p 'zeus'` compares equal to the bare name.
if named and _named_profile_is_current(named.strip().strip("\"'")):
return True
# Token-aware pass. Tokens are also re-joined with Python argv-list punctuation stripped, since
# `subprocess.run(["launchctl", "bootout", ...])` separates argv words with commas/brackets.
for segment in _iter_command_segments(normalized):
joined = " ".join(segment)
if joined and _GATEWAY_LIFECYCLE_PATTERN.search(joined):
return True
stripped = _ARGV_LIST_PUNCTUATION.sub(" ", joined)
if stripped != joined and _GATEWAY_LIFECYCLE_PATTERN.search(stripped):
return True
# The label may be built in an earlier `;`-segment, so neither pass above sees verb and label together.
return _contains_launchctl_gateway_lifecycle(normalized)
# --- shell tokenization -----------------------------------------------------------------------
def _split_logical_lines(text: str) -> list[str]:
"""Split on newlines outside quotes (a quoted newline is data, not a separator); honors escapes."""
lines: list[str] = []
current: list[str] = []
in_single = in_double = escape = False
for ch in text:
if escape:
escape = False
elif ch == "\\":
escape = True
elif ch == "'" and not in_double:
in_single = not in_single
elif ch == '"' and not in_single:
in_double = not in_double
elif ch == "\n" and not in_single and not in_double:
lines.append("".join(current))
current = []
continue
current.append(ch)
if current:
lines.append("".join(current))
return lines
def _shlex_tokens(line: str) -> list[str]:
"""POSIX-tokenize one shell line, honoring quotes and `#` comments; raises ValueError."""
lexer = shlex.shlex(line, posix=True, punctuation_chars=";&|()")
lexer.whitespace_split = True
lexer.commenters = "#"
return list(lexer)
def _split_segments(tokens: list[str], *, keep_controls: bool = False) -> Iterator[list[str]]:
"""Yield non-empty runs of *tokens* between control-operator tokens; with *keep_controls* each
control token is also yielded as its own segment so the line can be rebuilt in order."""
segment: list[str] = []
for token in tokens:
if token and set(token) <= _CONTROL_CHARS:
if segment:
yield segment
segment = []
if keep_controls:
yield [token]
continue
segment.append(token)
if segment:
yield segment
def _iter_command_segments(command: str) -> Iterator[list[str]]:
"""Yield shell-tokenized command segments per logical line; a line shlex rejects (unbalanced
quotes) falls back to per-physical-line tokenization."""
for line in _split_logical_lines(command.replace("\\\n", "")):
try:
tokens = _shlex_tokens(line)
except ValueError:
for physical_line in line.splitlines():
try:
yield from _split_segments(_shlex_tokens(physical_line))
except ValueError:
continue
continue
yield from _split_segments(tokens)
def _executable_name(token: str) -> str:
"""Command name of an executable token. ``Path(token).name`` is "" for ``.``, ``..`` and ``/``; the
POSIX dot-source builtin is spelled ``.``, so fall back to the raw token or ``. ./helper.sh`` would
escape the sourced-script scan."""
return Path(token).name or token
def _peel_transparent_prefixes(segment: list[str], index: int) -> int:
"""Index of the command a wrapper chain actually executes. Unchanged if not a wrapper; may be
``len(segment)`` when a wrapper has no operand — callers must bounds-check."""
for _ in range(_MAX_PREFIX_PEELS):
if index >= len(segment):
return index
name = _executable_name(segment[index])
if name not in _TRANSPARENT_COMMAND_PREFIXES:
return index
value_options = _TRANSPARENT_PREFIX_VALUE_OPTIONS.get(name, frozenset())
index += 1
while index < len(segment):
token = segment[index]
if token == "--":
# POSIX end-of-options: the command starts at the next token.
index += 1
break
if token in value_options:
index += 2
continue
if token.startswith("-") or _ENV_ASSIGNMENT.match(token):
index += 1
continue
break
for _ in range(_TRANSPARENT_PREFIX_OPERANDS.get(name, 0)):
if index < len(segment) and not segment[index].startswith("-"):
index += 1
return index
def _command_token_index(segment: list[str]) -> Optional[int]:
"""Return the executable token index after simple env assignments."""
return next((i for i, token in enumerate(segment) if not _ENV_ASSIGNMENT.match(token)), None)
def _executed_command_index(segment: list[str]) -> Optional[int]:
"""Index of the command a segment actually executes (env assignments and wrappers peeled)."""
index = _command_token_index(segment)
if index is None:
return None
index = _peel_transparent_prefixes(segment, index)
return index if index < len(segment) else None
def contains_launchctl_submit_command(command: str) -> bool:
"""Detect an executed ``launchctl submit``/``bootstrap``, not quoted text.
Label-independent by design: a NEW job's label is attacker-chosen, so a neutral name defeats any
label-anchored regex. Both verbs register a persistent launchd job, never safe inside the gateway.
"""
for segment in _iter_command_segments(command):
index = _executed_command_index(segment)
if index is not None and _executable_name(segment[index]) == "launchctl":
arguments = segment[index + 1 :]
if arguments and arguments[0].lower() in {"submit", "bootstrap"}:
return True
return False
def _mask_data_sink_arguments(text: str) -> str:
"""Replace data-sink executables' arguments with a neutral placeholder.
The regex cannot tell an EXECUTED lifecycle command from the same characters as *data* (a grep
pattern, a SQL literal): every argument of a ``_DATA_SINK_EXECUTABLES`` segment becomes ``arg``
and a match that survives is a real command. Strictly fail-closed: masking is skipped when the
line pipes into a shell/interpreter, any argument carries an execution marker, or the line cannot
be tokenized. Masking can only ALLOW what the plain regex would block, never block more.
"""
lines_out: list[str] = []
changed = False
for line in text.splitlines() or [text]:
if _PIPE_TO_INTERPRETER.search(line):
lines_out.append(line)
continue
try:
tokens = _shlex_tokens(line)
except ValueError:
lines_out.append(line)
continue
rebuilt: list[str] = []
for segment in _split_segments(tokens, keep_controls=True):
index = _command_token_index(segment)
if index is not None and Path(segment[index]).name in _DATA_SINK_EXECUTABLES:
arguments = segment[index + 1 :]
if not any(
_DOT_COMMAND_ARGUMENT.match(argument)
or any(marker in argument for marker in _UNSAFE_DATA_ARG_MARKERS)
for argument in arguments
):
changed = True
rebuilt.extend(segment[: index + 1])
rebuilt.extend("arg" for _ in arguments)
continue
rebuilt.extend(segment)
lines_out.append(" ".join(rebuilt))
return "\n".join(lines_out) if changed else text
def _lifecycle_command_scan_with_data_exemption(text: str) -> bool:
"""Lifecycle scan exempting matches inside data arguments: cheap regex first (no-match pays
nothing), then re-scan with data-sink arguments masked; only a surviving match blocks."""
if not contains_gateway_lifecycle_command(text):
return False
normalized = _SHELL_LINE_CONTINUATION.sub(" ", text)
return contains_gateway_lifecycle_command(_mask_data_sink_arguments(normalized))
def _direct_lifecycle_scan(command: str) -> bool:
"""Pure-string direct scans: lifecycle regex (data-exempted) + submit."""
return _lifecycle_command_scan_with_data_exemption(command) or contains_launchctl_submit_command(command)
# --- path handling ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _resolve_lenient(path: Path) -> Path:
"""``path.resolve(strict=False)``, falling back to *path* on OSError (unreadable/long) or
ValueError (embedded NUL from decoded binary tokenized as a path) — never crash the guard."""
try:
return path.resolve(strict=False)
except (OSError, ValueError):
return path
def _is_cloud_placeholder_path(path: Path) -> bool:
"""True for paths inside a macOS FileProvider-backed subtree. ``O_NONBLOCK`` does not make
regular-file reads non-blocking, so opening an evicted placeholder can wait indefinitely for
hydration before any command timeout starts: identify the boundary from the path alone."""
parts = path.parts
return any(
parts[index - 1] == "Library" and part in _CLOUD_PLACEHOLDER_MARKERS
for index, part in enumerate(parts)
if index
)
def _on_cloud_path(path: Path) -> bool:
"""Lexical OR resolved cloud check: covers direct cloud paths and local symlinks into one."""
return _is_cloud_placeholder_path(path) or _is_cloud_placeholder_path(_resolve_lenient(path))
def _expand_candidate_path(candidate: str) -> Optional[Path]:
"""Sanitize a tokenized path candidate at the ingestion boundary. Tokens from shlex-splitting
arbitrary (possibly binary-decoded) text can carry NUL or junk that each downstream ``Path`` op
rejects differently (ValueError, RuntimeError when HOME is unset under launchd, OSError); reject
once here. ``None`` = not a real path, nothing to scan."""
if not candidate or "\x00" in candidate:
return None
try:
return Path(candidate).expanduser()
except (ValueError, RuntimeError, OSError):
return None
def _resolved_or_nothing(candidate: str, cwd: Optional[str]) -> Iterator[Path]:
"""Yield *candidate* anchored on *cwd* (or the process cwd) when it is a real path."""
path = _expand_candidate_path(candidate)
if path is None:
return
if not path.is_absolute():
try:
path = Path(cwd or Path.cwd()) / path
except OSError:
# Path.cwd() can raise when the process cwd was deleted.
return
yield path
def _resolve_script_path(script_path: str) -> Optional[Path]:
"""Resolve a cron ``script`` value the way ``cron.scheduler`` does (relative paths live under
``<HERMES_HOME>/scripts/``) so the guard scans the file that will actually run."""
from hermes_constants import get_hermes_home
raw = _expand_candidate_path(script_path)
if raw is None:
return None
if raw.is_absolute():
return raw
try:
return get_hermes_home() / "scripts" / raw
except (RuntimeError, OSError):
# get_hermes_home() falls back to Path.home(), which raises when neither HERMES_HOME nor HOME
# is resolvable (launchd/systemd) — same ingestion contract: nothing to scan.
return None
def _resolve_script_directory(script_path: str) -> Optional[str]:
"""Return the directory *script_path* resolves to, handling relative names."""
try:
path = _resolve_script_path(script_path)
if path is not None and path.is_absolute():
return str(path.parent)
except Exception:
pass
return None
# --- referenced-script discovery --------------------------------------------------------------
def _iter_option_values(segment: list[str], start: int, option: str) -> Iterator[str]:
"""Yield values given to *option*, in both ``--opt v`` and ``--opt=v`` form."""
prefix = option + "="
for position in range(start + 1, len(segment)):
token = segment[position]
if token == option and position + 1 < len(segment):
yield segment[position + 1]
elif token.startswith(prefix):
yield token[len(prefix):]
def _references_at(segment: list[str], index: int, cwd: Optional[str]) -> Iterator[Path]:
"""Yield the scripts the token at *index* executes, if any."""
if index >= len(segment):
return
executable = segment[index]
executable_name = _executable_name(executable)
if executable_name in {".", "source"}:
if len(segment) > index + 1:
yield from _resolved_or_nothing(segment[index + 1], cwd)
return
if executable_name in _SHELL_EXECUTABLES:
arguments = segment[index + 1 :]
arg_index = 0
while arg_index < len(arguments):
argument = arguments[arg_index]
if argument == "--":
arg_index += 1
break
if argument in _SHELL_COMMAND_FLAGS:
break
if argument in _SHELL_OPTIONS_WITH_VALUES:
arg_index += 2
continue
if argument.startswith("-"):
arg_index += 1
continue
break
if arg_index < len(arguments) and arguments[arg_index] not in _SHELL_COMMAND_FLAGS:
yield from _resolved_or_nothing(arguments[arg_index], cwd)
return
# A bare "/" is pathlib's division operator in Python sources, not an executable; resolving it hits
# the filesystem root and fails the regular-file check, hard-blocking innocent .py scripts.
if executable.strip("/") and ("/" in executable or executable.endswith((".sh", ".bash", ".zsh"))):
yield from _resolved_or_nothing(executable, cwd)
def _iter_referenced_shell_scripts(command: str, *, cwd: Optional[str] = None) -> Iterator[Path]:
"""Yield scripts executed directly or through a POSIX shell. Each segment is read at the original
token AND at the peeled wrapper target — additive on purpose: peeling must never REMOVE a reference
(a local ``./timeout`` is a script, not the coreutils wrapper)."""
for segment in _iter_command_segments(command):
index = _command_token_index(segment)
if index is None:
continue
yield from _references_at(segment, index, cwd)
peeled = _peel_transparent_prefixes(segment, index)
if peeled != index:
yield from _references_at(segment, peeled, cwd)
def _iter_shell_command_payloads(command: str) -> Iterator[str]:
"""Yield code passed through ``sh|bash|... -c`` (and ``su -c`` / ``env -S``) for recursive scanning."""
for segment in _iter_command_segments(command):
index = _command_token_index(segment)
if index is None:
continue
# Read at the ORIGINAL token: peeling past `su`/`env` would discard the option carrying the command.
for option in _STRING_COMMAND_OPTIONS.get(_executable_name(segment[index]), ()):
yield from _iter_option_values(segment, index, option)
index = _executed_command_index(segment)
if index is None or _executable_name(segment[index]) not in _SHELL_EXECUTABLES:
continue
arguments = segment[index + 1 :]
for arg_index, argument in enumerate(arguments[:-1]):
if argument in _SHELL_COMMAND_FLAGS:
yield arguments[arg_index + 1]
break
# --- referenced-script reading ----------------------------------------------------------------
def _has_binary_magic(data: bytes) -> bool:
"""True when *data* starts with a known compiled-binary signature. Deliberately narrower than
"contains a NUL": ``bash`` still executes a NUL-bearing script, so a padded script must not bypass
the scan. A shebang always wins (interpreted, never binary). Extensions are not consulted: a
suffixless script must still be scanned and fail closed if oversized."""
if data.startswith(b"#!"):
return False
return data.startswith(_BINARY_MAGICS)
def _read_referenced_script(path: Path) -> tuple[Optional[str], bool]:
"""Return ``(text, unsafe)`` using bounded, regular-file-only reads.
Shared choke point for every local script read, so the cloud-placeholder refusal lives here: a
FileProvider path is never opened — not even to check hydration — because an evicted placeholder's
``open()`` can hang preflight. Lexical check covers direct paths; resolved check covers symlinks.
"""
if _on_cloud_path(path):
return None, True
flags = os.O_RDONLY | getattr(os, "O_NONBLOCK", 0)
try:
descriptor = os.open(path, flags)
except (OSError, ValueError):
# OSError: unreadable/missing/over-long. ValueError: embedded NUL in *path*. Either is
# "nothing to scan" — never crash the guard.
return None, False
try:
metadata = os.fstat(descriptor)
if not stat.S_ISREG(metadata.st_mode):
# Directories are not scripts (`fpath=(~/.docker/completions …)` in ~/.zshrc must not
# block `source ~/.zshrc`). Devices/sockets stay fail-closed.
return None, not stat.S_ISDIR(metadata.st_mode)
# Sniff a small prefix first: compiled binaries are never shell scripts, so skip them WITHOUT
# reading the rest or feeding decoded garbage into the recursion.
data = os.read(descriptor, _BINARY_SNIFF_BYTES)
if _has_binary_magic(data):
return None, False
# Read the remainder (bounded); loop because os.read may return short.
while len(data) <= _MAX_REFERENCED_SCRIPT_BYTES:
chunk = os.read(descriptor, _MAX_REFERENCED_SCRIPT_BYTES + 1 - len(data))
if not chunk:
break
data += chunk
except OSError:
return None, False
finally:
os.close(descriptor)
if _has_binary_magic(data):
return None, False
# Size check BEFORE NUL stripping: stripping shrinks the buffer and would let an oversized file
# slip under the threshold past this fail-closed branch.
if len(data) > _MAX_REFERENCED_SCRIPT_BYTES:
return None, True
if b"\x00" in data:
data = data.replace(b"\x00", b"")
return data.decode("utf-8", errors="replace"), False
def _sanitize_remote_script_text(text: Optional[str]) -> tuple[Optional[str], bool]:
"""Apply the local-read contract to text from an untrusted ``read_remote_script`` callback: NUL
means binary (nothing to scan, checked first); oversized fails closed. Size compares re-encoded
*bytes* (matching the ``head -c`` wire bound): a >1 MiB multibyte file truncated at the byte cap
decodes to fewer chars, and a char count would scan instead of failing."""
if not text or "\x00" in text:
return None, False
if len(text.encode("utf-8", errors="replace")) > _MAX_REFERENCED_SCRIPT_BYTES:
return None, True
return text, False
def _read_script_for_scanning(script_path: str) -> str:
"""Read a cron script with the bounded scanner. Non-regular/oversized inputs fail closed via a
lifecycle-shaped sentinel; missing/unreadable paths stay empty so scheduler validation reports them."""
resolved = _resolve_script_path(script_path)
if resolved is None:
return ""
script_text, unsafe = _read_referenced_script(resolved)
if unsafe:
return "hermes gateway restart"
return script_text or ""
# --- recursive walk ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _contains_unsafe_gateway_action(
command: str, *, cwd: Optional[str], depth: int, visited: set[Path],
read_remote_script: Optional[_ReadRemoteScriptFn] = None,
) -> bool:
if _direct_lifecycle_scan(command):
return True
if depth >= _MAX_REFERENCED_SCRIPT_DEPTH:
return True
def recurse(text: str, cwd: Optional[str]) -> bool:
return _contains_unsafe_gateway_action(
text, cwd=cwd, depth=depth + 1, visited=visited, read_remote_script=read_remote_script
)
for payload in _iter_shell_command_payloads(command):
if recurse(payload, cwd):
return True
for script_path in _iter_referenced_shell_scripts(command, cwd=cwd):
# Do not touch a FileProvider path even to discover whether the file is hydrated.
if _on_cloud_path(script_path):
return True
resolved = _resolve_lenient(script_path)
if resolved in visited:
continue
visited.add(resolved)
script_text, unsafe = _read_referenced_script(script_path)
if unsafe:
return True
if script_text is None and read_remote_script is not None:
# Local path missing; the remote backend's output crosses the same trust boundary as a
# local read — sanitize identically (binary skip + size fail-closed).
script_text, unsafe = _sanitize_remote_script_text(read_remote_script(str(script_path)))
if unsafe:
return True
if not script_text:
continue
# Relative references inside a script resolve against that script's directory, not the cwd.
if recurse(script_text, _resolve_script_directory(str(resolved)) or cwd):
return True
return False
def contains_gateway_lifecycle_command_or_referenced_script(
command: str, *, cwd: Optional[str] = None,
read_remote_script: Optional[_ReadRemoteScriptFn] = None,
) -> bool:
"""Detect lifecycle/submit commands, including bounded nested scripts.
Total by construction: never raises. Direct scans are pure string ops; the referenced-script walk
(filesystem, remote backends, shlex on decoded bytes) is best-effort defense-in-depth — an
unexpected failure is logged and treated as "walk found nothing".
"""
try:
return _contains_unsafe_gateway_action(
command, cwd=cwd, depth=0, visited=set(), read_remote_script=read_remote_script
)
except Exception:
logger.warning(
"lifecycle guard referenced-script walk failed; "
"falling back to direct-scan verdict",
exc_info=True,
)
try:
return _direct_lifecycle_scan(command)
except Exception:
# If even the data-argument masker fails, fall to raw regex + submit scan so the guard stays total.
return contains_gateway_lifecycle_command(command) or contains_launchctl_submit_command(command)
def check_gateway_lifecycle(prompt: Optional[str], script: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
"""Raise ``GatewayLifecycleBlocked`` if *prompt* or *script* contains a gateway-lifecycle command.
The script is read from disk and concatenated with the prompt so a command cannot slip through by
being split across the two. Callers let the ``ValueError``-shaped exception propagate."""
combined = prompt or ""
python_script = False
if script:
resolved_script = _resolve_script_path(script)
# Attribute the refusal correctly: not a lifecycle command, but a cloud path the guard refuses to open.
if resolved_script is not None and _on_cloud_path(resolved_script):
raise GatewayLifecycleBlocked(
"Blocked: the cron script lives on a cloud-synced path "
"(iCloud Drive / ~/Library/CloudStorage). Opening an "
"evicted FileProvider placeholder can hang the guard's "
"preflight scan indefinitely, so it is refused without "
"being read. Move the script to a local, non-cloud path "
"(e.g. ~/.hermes/scripts/) and recreate the job."
)
python_script = resolved_script is not None and resolved_script.suffix == ".py"
script_text = _read_script_for_scanning(script)
if script_text:
combined = f"{combined}\n{script_text}"
if python_script:
# Python runs via the interpreter, never a POSIX shell, and the shell reference walk is a
# false-positive generator on Python sources (pathlib "/" resolves to the filesystem root).
# The regex still scans the full text; non-regular/oversized files still fail closed via the sentinel.
unsafe = _lifecycle_command_scan_with_data_exemption(combined)
else:
unsafe = contains_gateway_lifecycle_command_or_referenced_script(
combined, cwd=_resolve_script_directory(script) if script else None
)
if unsafe:
raise GatewayLifecycleBlocked(
"Blocked: cron job contains a gateway lifecycle command or persistent "
"launchctl submit operation. This is blocked to prevent agent-driven "
"SIGTERM-respawn loops under launchd/systemd supervision "
"(#30719). Run `hermes gateway restart` from a shell outside "
"the running gateway instead."
)