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hermes-agent/agent/redact.py
Teknium e83816a4d1 review-fix(comments): restore lost #NNNN rationale comments across non-test source (mechanical sweep, condensed, code unchanged)
For each issue anchor present in BASE 63279301bc non-test .py and absent on HEAD, the BASE comment/docstring block was re-attached at the HEAD location of the code it explained (matched by the distinctive code line / enclosing def). Sentences already covered by an existing HEAD comment were deduped; the issue number always survives. Insert-only: no code lines changed.
2026-09-03 09:44:26 -07:00

882 lines
45 KiB
Python

"""Regex-based secret redaction for logs and tool output.
Short tokens (< 18 chars) are fully masked; longer ones keep the first 6 and
last 4 characters for debuggability.
"""
import logging
import os
import re
import shlex
import threading
from urllib.parse import unquote_plus
# Shared with agent/file_safety's read-block list so the two defenses can't
# drift: a blocked file_tools read that falls back to ``cat`` is still caught.
from agent.file_safety import _BLOCKED_PROJECT_ENV_BASENAMES as _ENV_FILE_BASENAMES
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# Sensitive query-string param names (case-insensitive): opaque tokens / OAuth
# codes / pre-signed signatures with no vendor prefix.
# Ported from nearai/ironclaw#2529 — catches tokens whose values don't match any known vendor prefix regex
# (e.g. opaque tokens, short OAuth codes).
_SENSITIVE_QUERY_PARAMS = frozenset({
"access_token", "refresh_token", "id_token", "token", "api_key", "apikey",
"client_secret", "password", "auth", "jwt", "session", "secret", "key",
"code", "signature", "x-amz-signature",
})
# Snapshot at import time so runtime env mutations (e.g. an LLM-generated
# `export HERMES_REDACT_SECRETS=false`) cannot disable redaction mid-session.
# ON by default; `security.redact_secrets: false` bridges to this env var.
# ON by default — secure default per issue #17691. Users who need raw credential values in tool output (e.g.
# working on the redactor itself) can opt out via `security.redact_secrets: false` in config.yaml (bridged
# to this env var in hermes_cli/main.py, gateway/run.py, and cli.py) or `HERMES_REDACT_SECRETS=false` in
# ~/.hermes/.env. An opt-out warning is logged at gateway and CLI startup so operators see the downgrade —
# see `_log_redaction_status()` in gateway/run.py and cli.py.
_REDACT_ENABLED = os.getenv("HERMES_REDACT_SECRETS", "true").lower() in {"1", "true", "yes", "on"}
# Known API key prefixes -- match the prefix + contiguous token chars.
# Every pattern MUST start with a literal prefix: _PREFIX_SUBSTRINGS (the cheap
# pre-screen gate) is derived from these literals and must stay false-negative-free.
_PREFIX_PATTERNS = [
r"sk-[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}", # OpenAI / OpenRouter / Anthropic (sk-ant-*)
r"ghp_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # GitHub PAT (classic)
r"github_pat_[A-Za-z0-9_]{10,}", # GitHub PAT (fine-grained)
r"gho_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # GitHub OAuth access token
r"ghu_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # GitHub user-to-server token
r"ghs_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # GitHub server-to-server token
r"ghr_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # GitHub refresh token
r"xapp-\d+-[A-Za-z0-9-]{10,}", # Slack app-Level token
r"xox[baprs]-[A-Za-z0-9-]{10,}", # Slack bot/app/user tokens
r"AIza[A-Za-z0-9_-]{30,}", # Google API keys
r"pplx-[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Perplexity
r"fal_[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}", # Fal.ai
r"fc-[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Firecrawl
r"bb_live_[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}", # BrowserBase
r"gAAAA[A-Za-z0-9_=-]{20,}", # Codex encrypted tokens
r"AKIA[A-Z0-9]{16}", # AWS Access Key ID
r"sk_live_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Stripe secret key (live)
r"sk_test_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Stripe secret key (test)
r"rk_live_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Stripe restricted key
r"SG\.[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}", # SendGrid API key
r"hf_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # HuggingFace token
r"r8_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Replicate API token
r"npm_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # npm access token
r"pypi-[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}", # PyPI API token
r"dop_v1_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # DigitalOcean PAT
r"doo_v1_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # DigitalOcean OAuth
r"am_[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}", # AgentMail API key
r"sk_[A-Za-z0-9_]{10,}", # ElevenLabs TTS key (sk_ underscore, not sk- dash)
r"tvly-[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Tavily search API key
r"exa_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Exa search API key
r"gsk_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Groq Cloud API key
r"syt_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Matrix access token
r"retaindb_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # RetainDB API key
r"hsk-[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Hindsight API key
r"mem0_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Mem0 Platform API key
r"brv_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # ByteRover API key
r"xai-[A-Za-z0-9]{30,}", # xAI (Grok) API key
r"ntn_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}", # Notion internal integration token
r"fw-[A-Za-z0-9]{30,}", # Fireworks AI API key
r"fw_[A-Za-z0-9]{30,}", # Fireworks AI API key
r"fpk_[A-Za-z0-9]{30,}", # Fireworks AI project key
# GitLab token families (each keeps a full literal prefix for the pre-screen).
# Ported from openclaw/openclaw#112954; follow-up invited in #4541.
r"glpat-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab personal access token
r"gloas-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab OAuth application secret
r"gldt-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab deploy token
r"glrt-[A-Za-z0-9_.\-]{10,}", # GitLab runner authentication token (routable tokens are dotted)
r"glrtr-[A-Za-z0-9_.\-]{10,}", # GitLab runner registration token (routable)
r"glcbt-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab CI/CD job token
r"glptt-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab pipeline trigger token
r"glft-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab feed token
r"glimt-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab incoming mail token
r"glagent-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab agent (KAS) token
r"glsoat-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab service-account access token
r"glffct-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab feature-flags client token
r"glwt-[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab workspace token
r"GR1348941[A-Za-z0-9_\-]{10,}", # GitLab legacy runner registration token
r"pk-lf-[A-Za-z0-9\-]{8,}", # Langfuse public key (sk-lf- already covered by sk- pattern)
]
# ENV assignment: KEY=value where KEY carries a secret-like name. Uppercase keys
# tolerate spaces around "=" and allow the keyword embedded anywhere
# (``MYTOKEN=…``) — an all-caps key is almost never prose. Bare ``KEY``/``PASS``/
# ``PW`` suffixes are included; _key_has_secret_keyword rejects ``KEYBOARD=``.
# The regex is IGNORECASE so lowercase env names (``openai_key=…``) are caught here too. The secret name
# must sit at a word boundary (``_``-delimited or whole-word) so generic prose words (``password=``,
# ``token=``, ``KEYBOARD=``, ``PASSAGE=``) do not match — those are handled by the config/form/URL paths,
# and a bare ``password=…`` in a form body must not be swallowed greedily by ``\S+``. See #77484.
_SECRET_ENV_NAMES = r"(?:API_?KEY|KEY|TOKEN|SECRET|PASSWORD|PASSWD|PASS|PW|CREDENTIAL|AUTH)"
_ENV_ASSIGN_RE = re.compile(rf"([A-Z0-9_]{{0,50}}{_SECRET_ENV_NAMES}[A-Z0-9_]{{0,50}})\s*=\s*(['\"]?)(\S+)\2")
# Lowercase env names: only underscore-boundary forms (``openai_key=``) — NOT
# bare ``password=``/``token=``, which appear in prose, URLs, and form bodies.
# The lookbehind anchors each attempt to the start of an identifier run; without
# it re.sub retries the greedy prefix at every byte of a long opaque payload.
# See #77484.
_ENV_ASSIGN_LOWER_RE = re.compile(
rf"(?<![a-z0-9_])([a-z0-9_]+(?:_|^)(?:key|pass|pw|token|secret|password|passwd|credential|auth)(?=[^a-z0-9_]|$))\s*=\s*(['\"]?)(\S+)\2",
re.IGNORECASE,
)
# Lowercase / dotted config-file keys (``spring.datasource.password=x``,
# line-start ``password=x``). Carve-outs vs prose/code/URLs: values stop at
# whitespace AND ``&`` (form bodies go pair-by-pair via _redact_form_body);
# _CFG_DOTTED_RE needs a NAMESPACED key; _CFG_ANCHORED_RE needs line start
# (optionally after ``export``). The ``://`` URL guard lives at the call site.
# The uppercase _ENV_ASSIGN_RE above never matched these, so config-file passwords leaked verbatim (issue
# #16413). These run only in a config-file context, NOT in prose, code, or URLs — three carve-outs preserved
# from the original design (#4367 + the documented web-URL passthrough below): 1. The value is bounded by
# ``[^\s&]`` (stops at whitespace AND ``&``) so form-urlencoded bodies are handled pair-by-pair (by
# _redact_form_body), not greedily swallowed. 2. _CFG_DOTTED_RE only matches when the key is NAMESPACED
# (contains a dot), which is unambiguously a config key — never a prose word. 3. _CFG_ANCHORED_RE matches a
# bare secret-word key only at line start (optionally after ``export``), so conversational ``I have
# password=foo`` mid-sentence is left alone.
_SECRET_CFG_NAMES = r"(?:api[ _.\-]?key|token|secret|passwd|password|credential|auth)"
_CFG_VALUE = r"(['\"]?)([^\s&]+?)\2(?=[\s&]|$)"
# Linear pre-gate for the _CFG_*_RE subs: no secret keyword => neither can match.
_CFG_SECRET_WORD_RE = re.compile(_SECRET_CFG_NAMES, re.IGNORECASE)
# Programmatic env lookups (``os.getenv(...)``, ``process.env.X``, ``$ENV{X}``)
# as the VALUE of a KEY=... match name a variable; they are not a leaked secret.
_ENV_LOOKUP_VALUE_RE = re.compile(r"^(?:os\.(?:getenv|environ)|process\.env|\$ENV\{)")
# Namespaced key: the secret word may sit anywhere in a dotted path.
# NOTE(perf): possessive quantifiers (nested ``(?:[...]+\.)+`` backtracked
# exponentially); the ``*`` runs bordering {_SECRET_CFG_NAMES} must stay
# backtrackable (``app.api.key=``). The lookbehind anchors each attempt to a key
# run start so re.sub is not quadratic; the match set is unchanged.
_CFG_DOTTED_RE = re.compile(
rf"(?<![A-Za-z0-9_.\-])"
rf"([A-Za-z0-9_\-]++\.[A-Za-z0-9_.\-]*{_SECRET_CFG_NAMES}[A-Za-z0-9_.\-]*+"
rf"|[A-Za-z0-9_.\-]*{_SECRET_CFG_NAMES}[A-Za-z0-9_.\-]*\.[A-Za-z0-9_.\-]++)"
rf"={_CFG_VALUE}",
re.IGNORECASE,
)
# Line-anchored bare key: ``password=…`` / ``export api_key=…`` at start of line.
_CFG_ANCHORED_RE = re.compile(
rf"(^[ \t]*(?:export[ \t]+)?[A-Za-z0-9_\-]*{_SECRET_CFG_NAMES}[A-Za-z0-9_\-]*)={_CFG_VALUE}",
re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE,
)
# Unquoted YAML / colon config (``password: secret``): keyword in the KEY
# (anchored to line start) and a single whitespace-free value, so ``note:
# secret meeting`` is left alone. Bare ``auth`` excluded so ``Authorization:``
# (masked by _AUTH_HEADER_RE) / ``author:`` don't match; ``auth_token`` still
# matches via ``token``. Quoted values defer to _JSON_FIELD_RE (lookahead).
# NOTE(perf): possessive where the successor is disjoint; the leading class
# stays backtrackable (see _CFG_DOTTED_RE).
_YAML_CFG_NAMES = r"(?:api[ _.\-]?key|token|secret|passwd|password|credential)"
_YAML_ASSIGN_RE = re.compile(
rf"(^[ \t]*+[A-Za-z0-9_.\-]*{_YAML_CFG_NAMES}[A-Za-z0-9_.\-]*+)(:[ \t]*+)(?!['\"])([^\s&]++)",
re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE,
)
# Word-boundary validation for the key patterns above: their classes allow
# arbitrary affixes (``client_secret``, ``s3.secret-key``), which also matched
# prose CONTAINING a keyword (``Secretary:``, ``tokenizer:``). A keyword counts
# only at a word boundary: key edge, next to a non-letter, or a camelCase
# transition (``clientSecret``, ``APIToken``); trailing plural ``s`` is part of
# it. Concatenations match via explicit alternatives (``authtoken``, ``apikey``).
# The side effect: ordinary prose/document words that merely CONTAIN a keyword also matched — ``Secretary:
# J.Smith`` (secret), ``tokenizer: cl100k_base`` (token), ``author=Smith`` (auth) — mangling legitimate
# content on the surfaces that run these passes (browser snapshots, log lines, kanban summaries, CLI-echoed
# command output). Ported from nearai/ironclaw#6129, where the same substring false positive ("Secretary of
# the Treasury" matching the ``secret`` marker) scrubbed legitimate tool results from the replayed
# transcript and sent the model into a re-fetch loop. Common concatenated compounds keep matching via
# explicit alternatives (``authtoken`` ngrok, ``authkey`` tailscale, ``secretkey`` minio, ``apikey``).
# Embedded occurrences inside a larger word (``secretary``, ``tokenizer``, ``authored``, ``credentialing``)
# no longer match. ALL-CAPS keys keep the legacy embedded matching (``MYTOKEN=…``) — an all-caps key is
# almost never prose, the same rationale as _ENV_ASSIGN_RE.
_KEY_KEYWORD_RE = re.compile(
r"(?:api|auth|access|refresh|session|secret)[ _.\\-]?(?:key|token)"
r"|token|secret|passwd|password|pass|pw|credential|auth|key",
re.IGNORECASE,
)
# Key names that are credential-specific even when their values are short or
# human-readable. Bare ``token`` / ``key`` are intentionally absent: they also
# describe model limits, tensor names, and cache keys, so those assignments
# are gated on value shape (_looks_like_opaque_credential).
_STRONG_KEY_KEYWORD_RE = re.compile(
r"(?:api|auth|access|refresh|session|id|bearer)[ _.\\-]?(?:key|token)"
r"|key[ _.\\-]?material|secret|passwd|password|pass|pw|credential|auth|bearer",
re.IGNORECASE,
)
def _is_word_start(s: str, i: int) -> bool:
"""True if position ``i`` in ``s`` begins a word (edge, non-letter before, camelCase/acronym boundary)."""
if i == 0:
return True
prev, cur = s[i - 1], s[i]
if not prev.isalpha() or (cur.isupper() and prev.islower()): # clientSecret
return True
return cur.isupper() and prev.isupper() and i + 1 < len(s) and s[i + 1].islower() # APIToken
def _is_word_end(s: str, j: int, *, allow_plural: bool = True) -> bool:
"""True if position ``j`` (exclusive end) in ``s`` ends a word; one trailing ``s`` is absorbed."""
if j >= len(s):
return True
cur = s[j]
if not cur.isalpha() or (cur.isupper() and s[j - 1].islower()): # secretKey
return True
return allow_plural and cur in "sS" and _is_word_end(s, j + 1, allow_plural=False)
def _has_word_bounded_keyword(key: str, keyword_re: "re.Pattern[str]") -> bool:
"""True if ``keyword_re`` matches ``key`` at a word boundary (see _KEY_KEYWORD_RE)."""
return any(_is_word_start(key, m.start()) and _is_word_end(key, m.end()) for m in keyword_re.finditer(key))
def _key_has_secret_keyword(key: str) -> bool:
"""Post-match key validator: ``API_KEY``/``DB_PW`` count, ``KEYBOARD``/``secretary`` do not."""
return _has_word_bounded_keyword(key, _KEY_KEYWORD_RE)
def _looks_like_opaque_credential(value: str) -> bool:
"""Credential-like shape test for ambiguous ``token``/``key`` values, so short
technical scalars (``CPU``, ``local``) are not masked merely for their key name."""
if value == "***" or value.startswith("«redacted:"):
return True
if len(value) >= 16 and re.fullmatch(r"[A-Fa-f0-9]+", value):
return True
if len(value) >= 20 and re.fullmatch(r"[A-Za-z0-9_./+=-]+", value):
return True
if len(value) < 12:
return False
return sum(bool(re.search(p, value)) for p in (r"[a-z]", r"[A-Z]", r"[0-9]")) >= 2
def _should_redact_assignment(key: str, value: str, *, check_keyword: bool) -> bool:
"""Shared gate for the ENV / JSON / YAML assignment passes: skip programmatic env
lookups used as values, optionally require a word-bounded keyword in the key,
then redact when the key is unambiguously credential-bearing or the value looks opaque."""
# Programmatic env lookups reference variable *names*, not secret values — masking them corrupts code
# snippets in prose/log contexts (issue #2852): ``KEY=os.getenv('X')``.
# Same programmatic-env-lookup exception as _redact_env above (issue #2852): "apiKey": "os.getenv('X')"
# is a code snippet, not a leaked secret value.
# Same programmatic-env-lookup exception as _redact_env above (issue #2852): api_key: os.getenv('X') is
# a code snippet, not a leaked secret value.
if _ENV_LOOKUP_VALUE_RE.match(value):
return False
if check_keyword and not _key_has_secret_keyword(key):
return False
return (_has_word_bounded_keyword(key, _STRONG_KEY_KEYWORD_RE)
or _looks_like_opaque_credential(value))
# JSON field patterns: "apiKey": "value", "token": "value", etc.
_JSON_KEY_NAMES = r"(?:api_?[Kk]ey|token|secret|password|access_token|refresh_token|auth_token|bearer|secret_value|raw_secret|secret_input|key_material)"
_JSON_FIELD_RE = re.compile(rf'("{_JSON_KEY_NAMES}")\s*:\s*"([^"]+)"', re.IGNORECASE)
# Authorization / Proxy-Authorization, any scheme or bare credential; header
# name and scheme word preserved. The credential class excludes quotes: pulling
# a closing quote into the mask turns value corruption into SYNTAX corruption
# (unterminated quote → shell EOF / SyntaxError).
_AUTH_HEADER_RE = re.compile(r"((?:Proxy-)?Authorization:\s*)([A-Za-z][\w.+-]*\s+)?([^\s\"']+)", re.IGNORECASE)
# API-key style headers (single opaque value, no scheme word): non-vendor-prefix
# values would otherwise leak when a curl command is echoed into tool output.
_SECRET_HEADER_NAMES = r"(?:x-api-key|x-goog-api-key|api-key|apikey|x-api-token|x-auth-token|x-access-token)"
_SECRET_HEADER_RE = re.compile(rf"({_SECRET_HEADER_NAMES}\s*:\s*)(\S+)", re.IGNORECASE)
# Telegram bot tokens: [bot]<digits>:<token>, token >= 30 chars.
_TELEGRAM_RE = re.compile(r"(bot)?(\d{8,}):([-A-Za-z0-9_]{30,})")
_PRIVATE_KEY_RE = re.compile(r"-----BEGIN[A-Z ]*PRIVATE KEY-----[\s\S]*?-----END[A-Z ]*PRIVATE KEY-----")
# Database connection strings: protocol://user:PASSWORD@host. The userinfo and
# password groups forbid whitespace so a match can never span a line break (a
# greedy ``[^@]+`` once ran to a decorator's ``@`` on the next code line).
# Database connection strings: protocol://user:PASSWORD@host Catches postgres, mysql, mongodb, redis, amqp
# URLs and redacts the password. A real DSN password never contains whitespace; without this bound the
# greedy [^@]+ would scan past the end of a code line to the next stray "@" (e.g. a Python decorator),
# swallowing intervening lines and corrupting tool OUTPUT for any source containing a postgresql:// f-string
# template. See issue #33801.
_DB_CONNSTR_RE = re.compile(
r"((?:postgres(?:ql)?|mysql|mongodb(?:\+srv)?|redis|amqp)://[^:\s]+:)([^@\s]+)(@)",
re.IGNORECASE,
)
# Bare-token URL credential ``scheme://TOKEN@host`` (``git remote set-url
# https://PASSWORD@github.com/...``): unambiguously a secret, since round-trip
# URLs (OAuth callbacks, magic links) carry tokens in the QUERY STRING, never
# bare userinfo. ``user:pass@`` passes through (class forbids ``:``); DB schemes
# belong to _DB_CONNSTR_RE. 8+ char floor skips short usernames; the class
# forbids ``/`` so an ``@`` in a path/query (``?q=user@example.com``) never counts.
# This is the ``git remote set-url origin https://PASSWORD@github.com/...`` shape from issue #6396 — a
# single opaque credential in the userinfo position with NO ``user:pass`` colon. The colon form
# ``user:pass@`` is deliberately left to pass through (commit "pass web URLs through unchanged", #34029) and
# is NOT matched here — the token class forbids ``:``. DB schemes are handled by _DB_CONNSTR_RE above and
# excluded here. Guards against false positives:
_URL_BARE_TOKEN_RE = re.compile(
r"((?:https?|wss?|git|ssh|ftp|ftps|sftp)://)" # scheme
r"([^\s:@/]{8,})" # bare token (no colon/slash/@), 8+ chars
r"(@[^\s]+)", # @host...
re.IGNORECASE,
)
# JWTs always start with "eyJ" (base64 "{"); 1-, 2- and 3-part forms.
_JWT_RE = re.compile(r"eyJ[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}(?:\.[A-Za-z0-9_=-]{4,}){0,2}")
# E.164 phone numbers, 7-15 digits; the lookahead rejects hex strings / identifiers.
_SIGNAL_PHONE_RE = re.compile(r"(\+[1-9]\d{6,14})(?![A-Za-z0-9])")
# CDP-URL path: web URLs with a query string / with ``user:password@`` userinfo
# (DB protocols are covered by _DB_CONNSTR_RE).
_URL_WITH_QUERY_RE = re.compile(r"(https?|wss?|ftp)://([^\s/?#]+)([^\s?#]*)\?([^\s#]+)(#\S*)?")
_URL_USERINFO_RE = re.compile(r"(https?|wss?|ftp)://([^/\s:@]+):([^/\s@]+)@")
# Strict provider-egress URL redaction: delimiters stay in capture groups so the
# query/fragment layout is preserved byte-for-byte; the key is decoded
# separately for classification. Values stop at ``&``/``;`` (both valid).
_STRICT_URL_PARAM_RE = re.compile(r"([?#&;])([A-Za-z0-9_.~+%\-]+)=([^#&;\s\"'<>]*)")
# Userinfo in absolute and network-path (``//user:pass@host``) references; the
# authority stops at path/query/fragment delimiters. Anchored on the mandatory
# ``//`` — an optional-scheme prefix backtracked O(n²) on long alphanumeric runs
# (~55s per sub() on a 320KB compaction payload).
_STRICT_URL_USERINFO_RE = re.compile(r"(//)([^/\s?#@]+)@")
# Form-urlencoded body: only when the ENTIRE text is a k=v&k=v string.
_FORM_BODY_RE = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*=[^&\s]*(?:&[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*=[^&\s]*)+$")
# Control / zero-width characters that can split a token body (``sk-abc\x1bdef``,
# ``ghp_abc\n123``) and escape the contiguous prefix regexes.
_CONTROL_CHARS_RE = re.compile(r"[\x00-\x1f\x7f\u200b-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060\ufeff]")
# Union of every _PREFIX_PATTERNS body class: a control-stripped match may only
# span token-body or control chars. ``=`` is excluded so a KEY=value separator
# never lets a match span unrelated text.
_TOKEN_BODY_CHARS = frozenset("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789_-.")
def _compile_prefix_matcher(patterns: list) -> "re.Pattern[str]":
return re.compile(r"(?<![A-Za-z0-9_-])(" + "|".join(patterns) + r")(?![A-Za-z0-9_-])")
_PREFIX_RE = _compile_prefix_matcher(_PREFIX_PATTERNS)
def _mask_control_split_tokens(text: str, mask_fn) -> str:
"""Mask tokens whose body is split by control/zero-width characters.
Match on a control-stripped copy, then mask the corresponding span in the
ORIGINAL — only when that span holds solely token-body and control chars, so
a match can never cross into another line's unrelated text.
A credential like ``sk-abc\\x1bdef456…`` or ``ghp_abc\\n123def…`` has its token body interrupted, so the
contiguous _PREFIX_RE cannot match it and the secret leaks verbatim (issue #77484). ``EXA_API_KEY=*** is
rejected).
"""
stripped = _CONTROL_CHARS_RE.sub("", text)
if stripped == text:
return text
orig_idx = [i for i, c in enumerate(text) if not _CONTROL_CHARS_RE.match(c)]
out, matches = list(text), []
for m in _PREFIX_RE.finditer(stripped):
start_orig = orig_idx[m.start(1)]
end_orig = orig_idx[m.end(1) - 1] + 1
span = text[start_orig:end_orig]
# Self-matching fragment AND a span crossing a LINE boundary: do NOT join
# (``ghp_<tok>\nbutton`` would mask ``button``; the prefix pass handles the
# fragment). Non-newline controls (ESC, ZWSP) never legitimately sit
# between a token and prose, so there the join proceeds regardless.
if ("\n" in span or "\r" in span) and _PREFIX_RE.search(span):
continue
# Reject spans containing a non-token char (``sk_abc…\nTAVILY_API_KEY=``
# matched across lines) and matches running into a ``KEY=`` name.
if (all(c in _TOKEN_BODY_CHARS or _CONTROL_CHARS_RE.match(c) for c in span)
and (end_orig >= len(text) or text[end_orig] != "=")):
matches.append((start_orig, end_orig, mask_fn(m.group(1))))
for start_orig, end_orig, replacement in reversed(matches):
out[start_orig:end_orig] = list(replacement)
return "".join(out)
# mask_secret strips EVERY control char (incl. \n/\t, C1, DEL, zero-width) so a
# masked secret never emits multiline or invisible bytes into display output.
_DISPLAY_CONTROL_RE = re.compile(r"[\x00-\x1f\x7f\x80-\x9f\u200b-\u200f\u202a-\u202e\u2060-\u2064]")
def mask_secret(value: str, *, head: int = 4, tail: int = 4, floor: int = 12,
placeholder: str = "***", empty: str = "") -> str:
"""Mask a secret for display (``hermes config`` / ``status`` / ``dump``):
``sk-p...7890``; shorter than ``floor`` (after control-byte stripping) →
``placeholder``; falsy → ``empty``."""
value = _DISPLAY_CONTROL_RE.sub("", value) if value else value
if not value:
return empty
return placeholder if len(value) < floor else f"{value[:head]}...{value[-tail:]}"
def _mask_token(token: str) -> str:
"""Mask a log token — 18-char floor, preserves 6 prefix / 4 suffix; empty → ``***``."""
if not token:
return "***"
return mask_secret(token, head=6, tail=4, floor=18)
def _redact_query_string(query: str) -> str:
"""Replace values of sensitive ``k=v&k=v`` params with ``***``; others pass through."""
if not query:
return query
return "&".join(
f"{key}=***" if sep and key.lower() in _SENSITIVE_QUERY_PARAMS else pair
for pair in query.split("&") for key, sep, _ in (pair.partition("="),)
)
def _canonical_url_param_name(name: str) -> str:
"""Decode a URL parameter name (up to 3 unquote rounds) for case-insensitive matching."""
decoded = name
for _ in range(3):
next_value = unquote_plus(decoded)
if next_value == decoded:
break
decoded = next_value
return decoded.casefold().replace("-", "_")
def _redact_strict_url_credentials(text: str) -> str:
"""Strict egress-boundary redaction of URL credentials (absolute, relative and
network references); preserves keys, separators, public params, hosts, paths."""
text = _STRICT_URL_PARAM_RE.sub(
lambda m: f"{m.group(1)}{m.group(2)}=***"
if _canonical_url_param_name(m.group(2)) in _SENSITIVE_QUERY_PARAMS else m.group(0), text)
return _STRICT_URL_USERINFO_RE.sub(
lambda m: f"{m.group(1)}{m.group(2).partition(':')[0]}:***@" if ":" in m.group(2) else f"{m.group(1)}***@",
text)
def redact_cdp_url(value: object) -> str:
"""Mask secrets in a CDP/browser endpoint URL before it is logged.
Unlike ``redact_sensitive_text`` (which passes web-URL query params and
``user:pass@`` through for OAuth callbacks / magic links), CDP discovery
tokens are pure credentials, so this opts INTO both URL redactors.
"""
text = redact_sensitive_text("" if value is None else str(value))
if not text:
return text
text = _URL_WITH_QUERY_RE.sub(
lambda m: f"{m.group(1)}://{m.group(2)}{m.group(3)}?{_redact_query_string(m.group(4))}{m.group(5) or ''}",
text,
)
return _URL_USERINFO_RE.sub(lambda m: f"{m.group(1)}://{m.group(2)}:***@", text)
def _redact_form_body(text: str) -> str:
"""Redact sensitive values when the ENTIRE text is a clean ``k=v&k=v`` body."""
if not text or "\n" in text or "&" not in text or not _FORM_BODY_RE.match(text.strip()):
return text
return _redact_query_string(text.strip())
def _mask_token_nonreusable(token: str) -> str:
"""Redact a prefix-matched credential to a NON-REUSABLE sentinel: no head/tail
chars (an agent once wrote a truncated-looking mask back into a config file),
only the vendor prefix label so the credential KIND stays visible.
* cannot be mistaken for a usable-but-truncated key, so an agent that reads it from a config file and
writes it back does NOT corrupt the stored credential into a dead 13-char string (issue #35519); and *
still does not leak the secret material (no head/tail chars).
"""
label = next((sub for sub in _PREFIX_SUBSTRINGS if token.startswith(sub)), "") if token else ""
return f"«redacted:{label}…»" if label else "«redacted-secret»"
def _assignment_sub(render, *, check_keyword: bool):
"""re.sub callback: keep the match unless the key/value pair (groups[0], groups[-1]) needs redaction."""
def _sub(m):
groups = m.groups()
if not _should_redact_assignment(groups[0], groups[-1], check_keyword=check_keyword):
return m.group(0)
return render(groups)
return _sub
def _redact_assignments(text: str) -> str:
"""ENV / config / JSON / YAML assignment passes (skipped for code files). Passes
that would match ``token=``/``key=`` URL params skip ``://`` text (web-URL query
params are intentionally passed through, see redact_sensitive_text)."""
if "=" in text:
_redact_env = _assignment_sub(lambda g: f"{g[0]}={g[1]}{_mask_token(g[2])}{g[1]}", check_keyword=True)
text = _ENV_ASSIGN_RE.sub(_redact_env, text)
if "://" not in text: # lowercase names would match URL params
# Skip URLs — the query string may contain ``token=``/``key=`` params that are intentionally
# passed through (see note near the bottom of this function; _redact_strict_url_credentials
# handles the opt-in case). The uppercase regex above is all-caps-only, so it never matches URL
# params; the lowercase one would (issue #77484).
text = _ENV_ASSIGN_LOWER_RE.sub(_redact_env, text)
# The keyword pre-gate is exact and matters: _CFG_DOTTED_RE backtracks
# quadratically on long unbroken [A-Za-z0-9_.\-] runs.
# Lowercase/dotted config keys (issue #16413). Skip URLs entirely — web-URL query params are
# intentionally passed through (see note near the bottom of this function); _DB_CONNSTR_RE still
# guards connection-string passwords. Extra gate: every _CFG_*_RE match requires a secret keyword in
# the key, so a text without any secret keyword cannot match — skipping is exact. This matters
# because _CFG_DOTTED_RE backtracks quadratically on long unbroken [A-Za-z0-9_.\-] runs (e.g.
# base64/hex blobs in compaction payloads); the linear keyword scan prevents that pathological path
# on secret-free text.
if "://" not in text and _CFG_SECRET_WORD_RE.search(text):
text = _CFG_DOTTED_RE.sub(_redact_env, text)
text = _CFG_ANCHORED_RE.sub(_redact_env, text)
if ":" in text and '"' in text:
text = _JSON_FIELD_RE.sub(
_assignment_sub(lambda g: f'{g[0]}: "{_mask_token(g[1])}"', check_keyword=False), text)
# YAML after JSON: quoted values are handled there (_YAML_ASSIGN_RE skips quotes).
if ":" in text and "://" not in text:
text = _YAML_ASSIGN_RE.sub(
_assignment_sub(lambda g: f"{g[0]}{g[1]}{_mask_token(g[2])}", check_keyword=True), text)
return text
def _redact_url_credentials(text: str, code_file: bool) -> str:
"""DB connection-string passwords and bare-token URL userinfo (``://`` text only)."""
def _redact_db(m):
# code_file: a pure ``{...}`` password is an f-string template reference
# (f"postgresql://{user}:{pass}@{host}"), not a literal credential.
pw = m.group(2)
if code_file and pw.startswith("{") and pw.endswith("}"):
return m.group(0)
return f"{m.group(1)}***{m.group(3)}"
text = _DB_CONNSTR_RE.sub(_redact_db, text)
return _URL_BARE_TOKEN_RE.sub(lambda m: f"{m.group(1)}{_mask_token(m.group(2))}{m.group(3)}", text)
def _redact_phone(m):
phone = m.group(1)
keep = 2 if len(phone) <= 8 else 4
return phone[:keep] + "****" + phone[-keep:]
def redact_sensitive_text(text: str, *, force: bool = False, code_file: bool = False,
file_read: bool = False, redact_url_credentials: bool = False) -> str:
"""Apply all redaction patterns to a block of text.
Safe on any string. Enabled by default (``security.redact_secrets: false``
disables); ``force=True`` is for safety boundaries that must never return
raw secrets regardless.
``redact_url_credentials=True``: also redact credential-named query params
and ``user:pass@`` userinfo — off by default because OAuth-callback /
magic-link / pre-signed URLs must survive ordinary tool flows unchanged.
``code_file=True``: skip the ENV/JSON assignment passes for known source
code (``MAX_TOKENS=***``, ``"apiKey": "test"`` fixtures). ``file_read=True``
(implies code_file): prefix-matched credentials become a non-reusable
sentinel (``«redacted:ghp_…»``) instead of a head/tail mask an agent could
write back into config.yaml as a dead credential.
Every regex sits behind a cheap substring gate that its pattern requires,
so the gates are never false-negative.
Set file_read=True for file *content* returned to the agent (read_file / search_files / cat). The old
mask looked like a real-but-truncated key, so an agent reading it from config.yaml and writing it back
silently corrupted the stored credential into a dead 13-char value → 401 (issue #35519). The sentinel is
syntactically invalid as a token, so it can't be mistaken for a usable key or written back as one.
"""
if text is None:
return None
text = text if isinstance(text, str) else str(text)
if not text or not (force or _REDACT_ENABLED):
return text
code_file = code_file or file_read
# Control/zero-width chars can split a token body so _PREFIX_RE alone misses it.
if _has_known_prefix_substring(text):
_prefix_sub = _mask_token_nonreusable if file_read else _mask_token
# Control/zero-width chars (\\n, \\r, ESC, U+200B, …) split a token body so _PREFIX_RE cannot match
# across them — a secret smuggled as ``sk-abc\\x1bdef…`` leaks verbatim (issue #77484). Mask such
# runs by first matching on a control-stripped copy, then re-masking the corresponding span in the
# original (the stripped copy and the original are aligned 1:1 for non-control chars).
text = _mask_control_split_tokens(text, _prefix_sub)
text = _PREFIX_RE.sub(lambda m: _prefix_sub(m.group(1)), text)
if not code_file:
text = _redact_assignments(text)
if "uthorization" in text or "UTHORIZATION" in text: # cheapest gate over every casing
text = _AUTH_HEADER_RE.sub(lambda m: m.group(1) + (m.group(2) or "") + _mask_token(m.group(3)), text)
if ":" in text:
text = _SECRET_HEADER_RE.sub(lambda m: m.group(1) + _mask_token(m.group(2)), text)
text = _TELEGRAM_RE.sub(lambda m: f"{m.group(1) or ''}{m.group(2)}:***", text)
if "BEGIN" in text and "-----" in text:
text = _PRIVATE_KEY_RE.sub("[REDACTED PRIVATE KEY]", text)
# Database connection string passwords. With code_file=True, a password group that is a pure ``{...}``
# brace expression is an f-string template reference (e.g. f"postgresql://{user}:{pass}@{host}"), not a
# literal credential — preserve it. Literal passwords are still redacted. The regex forbids whitespace
# in the password group, so a single-line template's group(2) is exactly the brace expression. See issue
# #33801.
if "://" in text:
text = _redact_url_credentials(text, code_file)
if "eyJ" in text:
text = _JWT_RE.sub(lambda m: _mask_token(m.group(0)), text)
if redact_url_credentials: # opt-in; known credential shapes in URLs are caught above
# NOTE: Web-URL redaction (query params + userinfo + HTTP access-log request targets) is
# intentionally OFF. Many legitimate workflows pass opaque tokens through query strings — magic-link
# checkouts, OAuth callbacks the agent is meant to follow, pre-signed share URLs — and
# blanket-redacting param values by name breaks those skills mid-flow. DB connection-string
# passwords are still caught by _DB_CONNSTR_RE. The ONE userinfo case still redacted is the
# colon-less bare-token form ``scheme://TOKEN@host`` (#6396, handled by _URL_BARE_TOKEN_RE in the
# ``://`` block above): a bare credential in userinfo is never a round-trip workflow token (those
# live in the query string), so masking it can't break a skill. The ``user:pass@`` form is left to
# pass through per #34029.
text = _redact_strict_url_credentials(text)
if "&" in text and "=" in text:
text = _redact_form_body(text)
if "+" in text:
text = _SIGNAL_PHONE_RE.sub(_redact_phone, text)
return text
# Commands whose stdout is an env-var dump: terminal redaction runs the
# ENV-assignment pass (code_file=False) for these so opaque tokens with no vendor
# prefix are masked; everything else uses code_file=True (``MAX_TOKENS=100``).
# Commands whose stdout is an environment-variable dump (KEY=value lines), NOT source code.
# ``MY_SERVICE_TOKEN=abc123randomstring``) are still masked. For all other commands, code_file=True is used
# to avoid mangling legitimate source/config dumps (``MAX_TOKENS=100``, ``"apiKey": "x"`` fixtures,
# ``postgresql://{user}`` f-string templates). See issue #43025.
_ENV_DUMP_COMMANDS = frozenset({"env", "printenv", "set", "export", "declare"})
# Commands that read file contents to stdout. A ``.env`` target is a credential
# dump (per AGENTS.md ``.env`` holds only secrets), so the ENV pass must run.
_FILE_READ_COMMANDS = frozenset({
"cat", "head", "tail", "type", "bat", "less", "more", "nl",
"zcat", "tac", "view", "batcat",
})
def _command_segments(command: str) -> list[str]:
"""Pipeline/sequence segments of a shell command, stripped, empties dropped."""
return [seg.strip() for seg in re.split(r"[|;&]+", command) if seg.strip()]
def _command_reads_env_file(command: str | None) -> bool:
"""True if ``command`` reads a ``.env``-style file (by basename) to stdout.
Defense-in-depth, not a boundary: indirect reads (``sudo cat .env``, ``$(cat
.env)``, ``sed``/``awk``) are not detected, matching ``is_env_dump_command``."""
if not command:
return False
for seg in _command_segments(command):
tokens = seg.split() # not shlex: it mangles Windows paths (``C:\Users\...\.env``)
if not tokens or tokens[0] not in _FILE_READ_COMMANDS:
continue
for arg in tokens[1:]:
if arg.startswith("-"):
continue
basename = arg.strip("\"'").rsplit("/", 1)[-1].rsplit("\\", 1)[-1]
if basename.lower() in _ENV_FILE_BASENAMES:
return True
return False
def is_env_dump_command(command: str | None) -> bool:
"""True if any pipeline/sequence segment starts with an _ENV_DUMP_COMMANDS
token. Conservative: unrecognized → False (callers fall back to code_file=True)."""
if not command or not isinstance(command, str):
return False
for seg in _command_segments(command):
try:
tokens = shlex.split(seg)
except ValueError:
tokens = seg.split()
if tokens and tokens[0] in _ENV_DUMP_COMMANDS:
return True
return False
def redact_terminal_output(output: str, command: str | None = None, *, force: bool = False) -> str:
"""Single redaction policy for ALL terminal-output surfaces: the ENV-assignment
pass runs only when ``command`` is an env dump or reads a ``.env`` file
(otherwise code_file=True avoids false positives on source/config dumps)."""
if not output:
return output
code_file = not (is_env_dump_command(command) or _command_reads_env_file(command))
return redact_sensitive_text(output, force=force, code_file=code_file)
# --- Prefix pre-screen: derived from _PREFIX_PATTERNS so a new prefix can't
# silently break the gate (every match contains its pattern's literal prefix).
def _extract_literal_prefix(pattern: str) -> str:
"""Leading literal chars of a regex (up to the first metacharacter)."""
meta = "[(\\.?*+|{^$"
for i, ch in enumerate(pattern):
if ch in meta:
return pattern[:i]
return pattern
def _skip_char_class(pattern: str, i: int) -> int:
"""Given ``pattern[i] == "["``, return the index just past the closing ``]``."""
i += 2 if pattern[i + 1:i + 2] == "]" else 1 # a leading "]" is literal
while i < len(pattern) and pattern[i] != "]":
i += 2 if pattern[i] == "\\" else 1
return i
def _unbounded_quantifier_follows(pattern: str, j: int) -> bool:
"""True if an open-ended quantifier (``*``, ``+``, ``{m,}``) starts at ``pattern[j]``."""
if j >= len(pattern):
return False
if pattern[j] in "*+":
return True
if pattern[j] == "{":
k = pattern.find("}", j)
body = pattern[j + 1:k] if k != -1 else ""
return body[:-1].isdigit() and body.endswith(",") # {m,} is open-ended; {m} / {m,n} bounded
return False
def _pattern_structure(pattern: str) -> tuple[bool, bool]:
"""One scan → ``(has_top_level_alternation, has_nested_unbounded_repeat)``.
Top-level ``|`` defeats the literal-prefix guarantee (in ``ab|.*`` the prefix
binds only the first branch; ``ab(?:x|y)`` is fine). An unbounded quantifier
on a group containing one (``(a+)+``, ``(a{2,})+``) is the canonical ReDoS
shape. Structural only; overlapping branches (``(a|aa)+``) are not detected.
"""
top_level_alt = nested = False
contains_unbounded = [False] # per open group: does it contain an unbounded repeat?
i = 0
while i < len(pattern):
ch = pattern[i]
if ch == "\\":
i += 2
continue
if ch == "[":
i = _skip_char_class(pattern, i)
elif ch == "(":
contains_unbounded.append(False)
elif ch == ")":
inner = contains_unbounded.pop() if len(contains_unbounded) > 1 else False
if inner and _unbounded_quantifier_follows(pattern, i + 1):
nested = True
contains_unbounded[-1] = contains_unbounded[-1] or inner
elif ch == "|" and len(contains_unbounded) == 1:
top_level_alt = True
elif _unbounded_quantifier_follows(pattern, i):
contains_unbounded[-1] = True
if ch == "{":
i = pattern.find("}", i) # skip the {m,} body
i += 1
return top_level_alt, nested
def _has_top_level_alternation(pattern: str) -> bool:
return _pattern_structure(pattern)[0]
def _has_nested_unbounded_repeat(pattern: str) -> bool:
return _pattern_structure(pattern)[1]
_PREFIX_SUBSTRINGS = tuple(_extract_literal_prefix(p) for p in _PREFIX_PATTERNS)
def _has_known_prefix_substring(text: str) -> bool:
"""Cheap pre-check before the expensive ``_PREFIX_RE``."""
return any(p in text for p in _PREFIX_SUBSTRINGS)
# --- Plugin-registered redaction patterns -----------------------------------
# ADDITIVE-ONLY: a plugin can extend what gets masked but cannot weaken a
# built-in, so it can only over-redact. Keyed by registration source so plugin
# unload has a clean seam to drop ONE plugin's patterns.
# There is deliberately no public removal API — additive-only stands; unload is a host-owned lifecycle
# concern. See #64229.
_PLUGIN_PREFIX_PATTERNS: dict = {}
_registry_lock = threading.Lock()
def _plugin_patterns() -> list:
"""All plugin-registered patterns in registration order."""
return [p for patterns in _PLUGIN_PREFIX_PATTERNS.values() for p in patterns]
def _rebuild_prefix_matcher() -> None:
"""Recompile the prefix alternation and pre-screen substrings; callers read the
module globals at call time, so the swap propagates immediately."""
global _PREFIX_RE, _PREFIX_SUBSTRINGS
combined = _PREFIX_PATTERNS + _plugin_patterns()
_PREFIX_RE = _compile_prefix_matcher(combined)
_PREFIX_SUBSTRINGS = tuple(_extract_literal_prefix(p) for p in combined)
# Structural validators for register_redaction_patterns, in check order:
# (predicate -> reject when True, warning message with (source, pattern) args).
_PATTERN_REJECT_RULES = (
(_has_top_level_alternation,
"%s: skipping redaction pattern %r — top-level alternation escapes the literal-prefix "
"guarantee (in 'ab|.*' the prefix binds only the first branch); wrap alternation in "
"a group after the prefix, e.g. 'ab(?:x|y)'"),
(_has_nested_unbounded_repeat,
"%s: skipping redaction pattern %r — nested unbounded quantifiers (e.g. '(a+)+') can "
"backtrack catastrophically, and registered patterns run on every log line and tool output"),
(lambda pattern: len(_extract_literal_prefix(pattern)) < 2,
"%s: skipping redaction pattern %r — must start with at least 2 literal characters "
"(needed for the pre-screen substring gate)"),
)
def register_redaction_patterns(patterns, source: str = "plugin") -> int:
"""Additively register credential-token regexes; returns the count accepted.
Invalid entries (non-compiling, top-level alternation, nested unbounded
quantifiers, < 2 literal prefix chars) and duplicates are warned/skipped,
never raised — a broken plugin must not break startup.
"""
accepted = []
for pattern in patterns or []:
if not isinstance(pattern, str) or not pattern.strip():
logger.warning("%s: skipping empty/non-string redaction pattern", source)
continue
pattern = pattern.strip()
try:
re.compile(pattern)
except re.error as exc:
logger.warning("%s: skipping invalid redaction pattern %r (%s)", source, pattern, exc)
continue
rejected = next((message for reject, message in _PATTERN_REJECT_RULES if reject(pattern)), None)
if rejected:
logger.warning(rejected, source, pattern)
continue
if pattern in _PREFIX_PATTERNS or pattern in _plugin_patterns() or pattern in accepted:
logger.debug("%s: redaction pattern %r already registered", source, pattern)
continue
accepted.append(pattern)
if accepted:
with _registry_lock:
_PLUGIN_PREFIX_PATTERNS.setdefault(source, []).extend(accepted)
_rebuild_prefix_matcher()
logger.info("%s: registered %d redaction pattern(s)", source, len(accepted))
return len(accepted)
def _reset_plugin_redaction_patterns() -> None:
"""Drop all plugin-registered patterns (tests/teardown only)."""
with _registry_lock:
_PLUGIN_PREFIX_PATTERNS.clear()
_rebuild_prefix_matcher()
class RedactingFormatter(logging.Formatter):
"""Log formatter that redacts secrets from all log messages."""
def format(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> str:
return redact_sensitive_text(super().format(record))